Japanese Journal of Athletic Training
Online ISSN : 2433-572X
Print ISSN : 2432-6623
Volume 5, Issue 2
Displaying 1-15 of 15 articles from this issue
  • [in Japanese]
    2020 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 81
    Published: April 30, 2020
    Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2020
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Norihiko SUNAGAWA, Ryo OGAKI, Yasuharu NAGANO, Takeru HARADA, Atsuo TS ...
    2020 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 83-91
    Published: April 30, 2020
    Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2020
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    This study aimed at clarifying the present status and problems of studies on sports injury surveillance studies in Japanese schools. We performed a literature search using databases (CiNii Articles and Google Scholar) and extracted 69 papers involving studies that investigated sports trauma and overuse injuries in schools for the period from 1980 to 2016. Most of extracted studies targeted contact sports and university students. Those reporting only females were limited. In addition, the injury definition and the methods for classifying the body part are varied. There were also aspects of examination and integration difficulties. We found that the problems such as bias in the types and ages of the study subjects and the inconsistencies in the study methods on trauma and overuse injuries.

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  • Mana OTOMO, Yuri HOSOKAWA, Yuki MURATA, Fumiko TSUKUDA, Norihiko SUNAG ...
    2020 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 93-99
    Published: April 30, 2020
    Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2020
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    This study aimed to investigate Catastrophic injuries as defined by Japan Sport Council (JSC) (grades I-XIV) documented on school campus and explore benefits of introducing athletic trainers on campus. All injury data submitted to JSC Injury and Accident Mutual Aid Benefit System between 2009 -2018 that occurred in junior high or high school (n=2,094) were included in the analysis. Injury data were categorized by activity (curricular course, curricular activity, school event, extracurricular activity, recess, other) and location (classroom, laboratory, indoor athletic facility, hallway, staircase, balcony, rooftop, restroom, outdoor athletic field, pool, other).

    Athletic injuries were documented in 98%, 86%, and 71% of all injuries that occurred during extracurricular activity, curricular course, and school event. In addition, 93%, 90%, and 96% of all injuries that occurred at outdoor athletic field, indoor athletic facility, and pool, respectively, were related to athletic activity.

    JSC data suggest that majority of injuries that occur on junior high and high school campus were related to athletic activities. Therefore, school administrators may benefit from having athletic trainers who can provide first aid and injury prevention services to help elevate the standard of care on school campus.

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  • Toshiharu YAMAMOTO, Masashi KASAHARA, Nobuko SHIMIZU
    2020 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 101-108
    Published: April 30, 2020
    Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2020
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    The response of first aid and prevention sports injuries are required staff in the school, particularly it is useful that specialists such as athletic trainer in the support. Actually, because teachers are always at school, they have to support student’s first aid and prevention sports injuries in the almost school. However, teachers sufficiently don’t have support skill to first aid and prevention sports injuries. Therefore, we have to think that it is necessary to organize a training course for first aid and prevention sports injuries for many teachers. Furthermore, if specialists such as athletic trainer can be assigned to school, it would be possible to reduce the conventional problem of sports injuries.

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  • Rieko KURAMOCHI, Yuki MURATA, Takuji OMI
    2020 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 109-114
    Published: April 30, 2020
    Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2020
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    In Japan, school sports club activities and safety measures are important themes in school sports. The purpose of this study is to present as much objective data as possible regarding how athletic trainers are placed and intervene in athletic club activities in junior high and high schools in Japan and to clarify the current situation. In addition, while analyzing the problems and issues related to the interventions, we tried to identify commonalities and find solutions by assessing the current situation in the United States, where trainer intervention in schools seems to be more substantial than in Japan.

    The participation of athletic trainers in high school athletic club activities in Japan was about 20 to 30%, but no objective data regarding junior high school were found. Athletic trainer support for athletic club activities was also desired by instructors and is clearly needed, but more data are needed to prove its involvement. Furthermore, academic discussions are also needed. The search for athletic trainers and the achievement of their placement in high schools, which has been undertaken since the early 1990s in the United States, will be an effective landmark for achieving the beneficial involvement of athletic trainers in Japanese schools.

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  • Yuki MURATA, Takuji OMI, Rieko KURAMOCHI
    2020 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 115-121
    Published: April 30, 2020
    Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2020
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    The recognition of importance about athletic training services on youth athletes is increasing and some high schools in Japan hire full-time athletic trainers for improving the quality of their extracurricular activity. However, there are few data on practice characteristics of athletic trainers (AT) and the beneficial effects of AT services in the Japanese high school setting. The purpose of this study was to reveal what athletic trainers in high schools do in their clinical practices by an interview and a self-report. Two athletic trainers participated in this study. Both of them were working at private schools. One was full-time and the other was part-time coverage at their schools. Their main clinical practices were assessment, first-aid, reconditioning, and prevention of athletic injuries and illnesses. In addition to that, educating stakeholders such as student athletes, coaches, teachers, school nurses on athletic injury prevention and management was one of the important role of AT in high school context. This study showed only two cases of AT’s clinical practices in their schools and we need more information regarding full-time ATs in high schools. Moreover, conducting a systematic survey is necessary to determine current AT services in Japanese high schools.

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  • Ryo OGAKI, Gento OTAKE, Satoko NAKANE, Yukiko KOSASA, Yosuke KANNO, Ta ...
    2020 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 123-132
    Published: April 30, 2020
    Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2020
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    The purpose of this study was to analyze the incidence, severity, injury burden, and etiology associated with muscle strain in male collegiate rugby union players. A total of 113 male collegiate rugby union players were enrolled in the study. The occurrence of muscle strain was recorded from 2017 to 2018. The incidence of muscle strain was significantly higher during the match (13.38/1000 player hours) than during training (0.66/1000 player hours). There was no significant difference in muscle strain severity between that observed during the match and training; however, the injury burden was 282.5 (day/1000 player hours) during the match, which was about 15 times more than that during training. Overall, 38.5% of muscle strain occurred during running, followed by 26.9% of ruck in contact play. Players with a history of muscle strain showed at a 4.5 times higher risk of muscle strain injuries. Our study results suggest prevention strategies to reduce time loss by muscle strain injuries among male collegiate rugby union players.

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  • Yukio URABE, Kazuki FUKUI, Junpei SASADAI, Noriaki MAEDA, Yuta SUZUKI, ...
    2020 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 133-139
    Published: April 30, 2020
    Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2020
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    The aim of this study was to investigate the static balance ability by generation from teens to 80’s. Subjects were 541 subjects who participated in our physical fitness measurement project and measured one leg standing time with eye closed. The standing time was measured for up to 60 seconds, and the rate of under 30 seconds group was compared across generations. The maximum average of one leg standing time was 42.8 seconds in 20’s and 30’s. On the other hand, the average time of teens was 33.0 seconds. The average time of 60’s was significantly lower than that of teens (p<0.05). Static balance ability is important to prevent fall for elderly people. Static balance ability was lower in teens than 20’s and 30’s. This result indicated that it was necessary for this generation to prevent the reduction of static balance ability.

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  • Shota ENOKI, Rieko KURAMOCHI, Yuki MURATA, Yuki SUZUKI
    2020 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 141-149
    Published: April 30, 2020
    Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2020
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    Low back pain (LBP) is a common condition among pole vaulters. The purpose of this study was to clarify biomechanical factors in vaulters with chronic LBP. Our study involved nine male collegiate pole vaulters. We recorded their jumping using a high-speed camera and analyzed it using the 2D method. Four vaulters reported chronic LBP based on a questionnaire that they were requested to complete. The coefficient of variation for hip joint extension angle of takeoff leg was significantly larger in the chronic LBP group than in the control group. We speculated that pole vaulters with chronic LBP have variabilities in takeoff motion between vaulting trials because their trunk stability was compromised.

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  • Toshiharu TSUTSUI, Toshihiro MAEMICHI, Satoshi IIZUKA, Suguru TORII
    2020 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 151-157
    Published: April 30, 2020
    Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2020
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    The purpose of this study was to identify the growth changes of the inertial in baseball players from both chronological age and relative growth, and to play a part in the elbow injury prevention. The subjects were 184 baseball players from elementary school students to university students. A whole body scan was performed using a DXA device, and the forearm-and-hand inertia were calculated according to Ganley’s method of calculating the inertia. In addition, the inertia ratio was calculated by the forearm-and-hand inertia for the region of scapular lean mass and the inertia ratio of that under the condition of the ball holding. In addition, the allometry method was used to determine the inertia ratio and the inertia ratio of ball holding condition from the viewpoint of relative growth based on height. The inertial ratio showed the peak at the age of 12 or about 150 cm in height, suggesting an increased risk of elbow disorders at this time.

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  • Shinya SATOU, Katsuhiko IIDA, Norimasa TAKAHASHI, Hiroyuki SUGAYA, Dai ...
    2020 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 159-163
    Published: April 30, 2020
    Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2020
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    The purpose of this study was to conduct electromyographic analysis of strength training practiced on the lower trapezius muscle, and to compare and examine the training. The subjects were nine healthy men, and the third type of training (“Y”, “A”, “U” exercises) for the lower trapezius muscle was performed, and the muscle activity of the upper, middle, lower trapezius and posterior deltoid was performed. % MVC was compared. “Y” showed significantly higher muscle activity in all muscles than “U” and “A”, and “U” showed significantly higher muscle activity in all muscles than “A”. From the above results, “Y” is considered to be the most promising for strengthening the lower trapezius muscle, and “U” is considered to be an effective training when strengthening the lower trapezius muscle while extending the extension of the thoracic spine.

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  • Tadahiro NIHEI, Sadao NIGA
    2020 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 165-169
    Published: April 30, 2020
    Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2020
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    There are various regions of spontaneous pain in groin pain (GP), and sometimes GP takes a long period to return to play. However, it’s difficult to distinguish the intractable GP from another GP. The purpose of this study was (1) to investigate the rate of the regions of spontaneous pain in GP, and (2) to examine the relationship between the regions of spontaneous pain in GP and distinctive MRI findings in long-standing GP. The study population consisted of 651 GP patients (555 males and 96 females) ranging in age from 16 to 40 years (mean age 20.3±5.2 years old, mean height 171±7cm, mean weight 64.6±9.5kg, mean BMI 21.9±2.3, and mean follow-up time 40 weeks). The subjects were selected from 1091 patients who consulted our clinic for sport-related GP, and MRI was performed based on the physical findings and a detailed patient questionnaire. As a result, the highest rate of a region of spontaneous pain in GP was the inguinal region (47%). However, the cases with the distinctive MRI findings in long-standing GP were significantly related to the regions of the lower abdomen (p<0.001), perineum (p=0.015), and pubic tubercle (p<0.001). Therefore, those three regions could be index markers to distinguish the intractable GP.

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  • Miaka YAE, Rieko KURAMOCHI, Shota ENOKI, Gaku TOKUTAKE
    2020 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 171-177
    Published: April 30, 2020
    Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2020
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    Objectives: This study had two objectives: (1) to determine students’ level of awareness of Automated External Defibrillator (AED) locations in university athletic facilities and (2) to identify factors associated with the level of their awareness.

    Methods: There were 451 respondents (279 male, 167 female, and 5 other) to the questionnaire distributed among the freshmen and sophomores at the Faculty of Sport Sciences (n=996). The questionnaire included questions on each participant’s profile and the 20 locations (13 with and 7 without AED) on the university campus. The proportion of correct answers about the AED locations was calculated, and the profiles associated with the level of awareness of those locations were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression.

     Results: The median (interquartile range) of correct answers was 5 (1-9), with the highest distribution at the zero correct answer (14.9%). Following multivariate analysis, the participants from the Department of Health were significantly more aware than those in the Departments of Sport and the Departments of Physical education. In addition, two-thirds of the participants (67.6%) belonging to sports clubs accurately identified the nearest AED locations to their activities.

    Conclusion: Many participants were unaware of correct AED locations, which may become a barrier to apply AED on cardiac arrest patient. However, students in Department of Health, who are exposed to AED training as part of their curriculum, demonstrated higher level of awareness in AED location than other students. Two-thirds of the participants who participated in club activities were aware of the AED installation status of facilities used for their activities. Thus, our findings suggest that completion of AED training in class and increased familiarity with the facility from daily use are key factors that influence the level of awareness about AED locations on campus.

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  • Yosuke SHIBATA, Eisaku OKADA, Mieko NAKAMURA, Toshiyuki OJIMA
    2020 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 179-184
    Published: April 30, 2020
    Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2020
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    The present study aimed to clarify the expected roles of athletic trainers among secondary school students. Athletic trainers’ roles with seven categories have been defined by the Japan Sports Association. A self-administered questionnaire survey was administered to 283 students who attended a two-hour sports medicine lecture by Hamamatsu University School of Medicine in 2018. Among high school students, rehabilitation (81.0%), measurement and evaluation (81.0%), and health care and organization management (81.0%) were the highly expected roles of an athletic trainer for boys, and first-aid treatment (71.3%) and conditioning (70.7%) were the highly expected roles for girls. Among junior high school students, athletic rehabilitation (58.1%) and conditioning (58.6%) were the highly expected roles of an athletic trainer for boys, and first-aid treatment (51.1%) and conditioning (49.6%) were the highly expected roles for girls.

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  • Mami NAGAO, Tatsuya TAMURA, Haruhi KATAOKA, Noriaki OKAMURO, Toshinori ...
    2020 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 185-189
    Published: April 30, 2020
    Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2020
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    To prevent exertional heat illness in university students in physical education classes, we investigated environmental conditions and physiological indicators such as body temperature and sweating during classes in a hot environment.

    The physical education classes conducted under a hot environment conferred a high risk of exer-tional heat illness because wet-bulb globe temperatures (WBGT) increase rapidly from late June. Water intake and sweat rate were significantly higher in the classes conducted when the WBGT were high than in the classes conducted when the WBGT were low. However, no significant differences were found in the amount of dehydration, dehydration rate, and body temperature elevation. These results suggest that the amount of dehydration and elevation of body temperature were kept constant with sufficient hydration with free drinking water and evaporative heat dissipation by sweating, despite changes in environmental conditions.

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