After the earthquake hit on the day of March 11th 2011, a massive tsunami swept away houses, and everything that was inside them. Photo albums were swallowed up and turned to waste. We began to sort out the photos and prepare them for the photos so that they can be returned to their owners in Yamamoto town. The images were cleaned and digitized captures. The cleaning processes involves the following steps, sweep dirt and rinse photographs with water, classify, reproduce and digitize all of the photos, and find their owners by using the search system, facial recognition system. The purpose of this paper is to describe our project "Salvage Memories", and discuss the two information systems.

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A key issue in secret voting and many other kinds of private communications is ensuring the anonymity of individuals. Researchers in Information Studies have been aiming to establish metrics of anonymity to enhance the protection of privacy in information and communication systems. Many related papers, however, focus on so-called connection anonymity. Little research can be found for metrics of voting privacy, except for the entropy-based approach of Endo et al. (2007, 2008). This study illustrates and evaluates an unknown anonymity measure presented by Iwai (2003) in the field of Japanese mathematical sociology. The metric utilizes a combinatorial approach and has some advantageous aspects over the approach of Endo et al. (2007, 2008) as a metric that measures the degree of preventing the identification of particular voters. Although, in general, Edman et al. (2007) is recognized as the first study that demonstrated a combinatorial approach to defining an anonymity measure, the main idea is shared by the earlier research of Iwai (2003). Even now, the mathematical representation forms in the older research seem to be more suitable for measuring anonymity in voting contexts.

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The five major functions of a museum are collection, preservation, exhibition, research, and education. Previously, museums concentrated primarily on collecting objects and exhibiting them effectively. Recently, however, the focus has shifted to what the visitor is doing in the museum, the so-called "museum experience." It has become clearer that a visitor not only learns in a museum, but has various individual experiences. In this study, we use Falk's theory of "making of meaning" in a museum to investigate museum experiences at the Nagoya City Science Museum. We develop a digital museum, the "Digital Time Capsule," which uses visitor recollections of their interaction with the museum.

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The service sector consists of 70-75% of the global economy in advanced countries. However, there are few empirical and statistical studies performed with regard to the service sector. As a result, productivity of service sectors has not been identified clearly in relation to the sectoral growth because the productivity of service sectors has not been improved for decades in Japan as well as major OECD countries. Based on major statistics and previous literatures, it is essential to realize the development of expertise knowledge, internally or externally, that aim to improve productivity in knowledge creation with the use of Information Technology (IT). In this regard, it is suggested that knowledge-intensive services (KIS) have a special role to play for facilitating knowledge creation in services. It is also pointed out that the role of smaller firms should be identified as they consist of a large part of the service sectors. In line with these trends, this research aims at identifying productivity for the selected service sectors with the appropriate use of KIS and IT. By incorporating business size dimension, empirical analyses successfully reveal that a balanced combination of IT and KIS inputs is related to revenue trends. In conclusion, it is important for future economic directions to take into account the balance of inputs into IT and services to support the growth of the entire economy and productivity growth through the development of smaller firms.

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Google is a popular search engine but censors search engine results. This paper produces a system of discovering semi-automatically web pages that are removed from search results by Google censorship in Japan. This paper also analyzes removed web pages that are discovered by the system. The aim of this analysis is to find the tendency of the censorship. The method of discovering web pages that are removed from search results by Japanese Google censorship uses the difference between Google search engine results in America and in Japan. The experiment in this paper discovers 169 web pages that are removed by Japanese Google censorship in 2008 and 187 web pages in 2011.

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The purpose of this research is to examine by discourse analysis the social construction of the United States Information Agency (USIA), a first independent propaganda organization in peace time. The findings show that the USIA was organized as a result of social effects of the knowledge on American propaganda and propaganda organization accumulated by the U.S. political and governmental leaders since World War II rather than by a single reason of rationality, cost-efficiency, or legal institutions. Through this study, it can be understood how a propaganda organization in the U.S. government is dynamically constituted through the texts embedded in certain historical and social contexts.

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Social Recruiting called So-Katsu in Japan attracts much attention in 2011. Many job searching university students use social media such as Facebook or Twitter to collect information and to communicate with each other or employees. Especially Facebook is expected to be a main communication platform between university students and employees. This study illustrates the outline of So-Katsu and examines "activation level" of Facebook recruiting pages. The result from a survey of Facebook recruiting pages (N=403) suggests that there is no definite correlation between the number of "activation level" and that of "like" or "people talking about". The poor correlation between "activation level" and "like" reveals that whether the Facebook recruiting page is active or not, is not influenced by whether the page is popular or not. From this viewpoint, Facebook recruiting pages may be a chance for low profile companies to increase their awareness, and recruit good students. However, at the same time, "Scale free" model in Facebook recruiting pages suggests the trend that new vertices (students) attach preferentially to sites (Facebook recruiting pages) which are already well connected ("liked" or "people taking about").

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This paper describes a socio-informatics process in learning the effect of radiation on living conditions after the nuclear accident in Fukushima, which Japanese society has experienced since the 3.11 earthquake and tsunami in 2011. First some experiences of lectures on radiation performed by an expert are analyzed from a social point of view. In particular an example in Iwaki City of Fukushima Prefecture, which was a designed dialogue process for learning radiation, is analyzed in detail to illustrate a local dissemination of information to recover the living conditions of the inhabitants after the nuclear accident. A similarity is then noticed with the lessons of Chernobyl, in particular with the "ETHOS" project in Belarus, which was reflected into the recommendations by ICRP, the International Commission on Radiological Protection, from 2007 through 2009 in their publications. Suggestions are also noted that the lessons are extendable to a learning of self-governance of democracy in the information society of Japan.

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Broadcasting in New Zealand has been in the form of vertical separation ever since industry restructuring that occurred in 2003. Although implementation of digital broadcasting has lagged behind in New Zealand as compared with other advanced nations due to a financial crisis at the national level, as a result of severing the broadcasting division from TVNZ and assigning it to the control of Cordia, which is involved in the construction, operation and maintenance of digital broadcast networks, broadcasting operations have been deployed in the form of private broadcasting of TV3, TV4 and Maori TV. In addition, as a result of granting all licenses to Freeview, a neutral broadcaster not engaged in programming, it has become easier to implement services by new entrants. A new entry into the industry in the form of Maori TV was implemented, resulting in expanded transmission of programs broadcast in the Maori language. As a result of TVNZ being able to specialize in the area of program production, the proportion of domestically produced programs has demonstrated an increasing trend in recent years. Furthermore, this study is based on findings obtained from visits to New Zealand by the author from September 12 to 19, 2010 and from September 1 to 14, 2011, a field survey of MTS, and interviews with broadcasting personnel affiliated with TVNZ and Media Works.

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