The city of Kobe formulated the ten-year Kobe Recovery Plan immediately after the occurrence of the Great Hansin-Awaji Earthquake in 1995. The author, a Kobe City official describes the lessons learned in promoting the Kobe City Recovery Plan. Specifically, this article uses the results of the Comprehensive Recovery Assessments in 1999 and 2003, before the fifth and tenth anniversaries respectively, to suggest strategies for promoting a recovery plan, and to convey the importance of adopting "self-governance and community solidarity" as values in the recovery process as well as expanding "social capital" to support those values.

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This paper considers the development of social enterprise in the UK and how this has affected social inclusion. It defines social enterprise and social inclusion and addresses some factors that influence strategy.

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This article pays attention to a unique process at the beginning of the 1990s, representing a principal change to the social and economic reality in Czechoslovakia during that period. After the “Velvet Revolution" resulted in the collapse of the communist political system, it was essential to change the economic environment and to re-establish a market economy. One of its foundations was the transformation of ownership relations. At the centre of attention in regard to these new relations was “Czechoslovak voucher privatization". Regarding its character and results, the process can be labeled an economic innovation of the 7^th order.

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In the face of daunting challenges in the developing world, an increasing number of social entrepreneurs are harnessing the power of technology to eradicate poverty. While technology and innovation are significantly changing the landscape of development assistance, more entrepreneurial approaches are urgently needed to accelerate the process of creating a world without poverty.

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With low average income in Vietnam, many people purchase and enjoy expensive goods. Under the current legal framework on banking loan, low income people can buy them by “loan" from banks in Vietnam. In actuality, however, the formal sector appears to be inadequate in fulfilling their credit needs. In addition, some formal institutions maintain awkward and time-consuming procedures. So people may access informal or semi-formal financial sector as its own “consumer credit" systems.

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In this article I discuss the special provisions those doing business in Vietnam should know, about “legal representative", as the head of a Vietnam-based company or a CEO in other countries. Those include the residency requirements; the solely vested representative power; and the risks that a CEO may unexpectedly face with respect to contracts signed without the CEO's fully perceived authorization.

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