Sodium and potassium separation is studied for a part of closed ecological life support system (CELSS) and space agriculture program. The purpose of the system is to establish recycle of minerals between man and higher plants in closed system. By physiological reasons, man takes a greater amount of sodium compared with that contained in plants. For regenerative production of foods by the use of higher plants, it is necessary to remove excess sodium from human wastes. Several kinds of physicochemical and biological methods are discussed to examine their feasibility in this application.
An improved doublet lattice method is presented for calculating the load distributions on oscillating swept tapered wings in incompressible flow. The integration domain is transformed into a rectangular one, and the wing is divided into many chordwise strips. In the strip containing control points, Cauchy singularity and logarithmic singularity are properly accounted for. The solutions are generally compared well with other lifting surface theories, but with much smaller computational times, and the method is found to be more accurate and converge faster than conventional doublet lattice methods.
This paper presents an analytical method to estimate accurately the compressor air mass flow rates and high pressure turbine inlet temperature of a two spool turbofan engine on the basis of the characteristics of a high pressure turbine and a combustor. The off-design performance was used as the characteristic of a high pressure turbine. The pressune loss rates and the combustion efficiency was selected as the characteristics of a combustor. The off-design performance was analysed from the total pressure loss coefficient analysis of the stator and the blade, and design data. The pressure loss rates was acquired in the model combustor experiments. The combustion efficiency was calculated on the basis of incomplete combustion component parts of the engine exhaust gas. In this paper, this method was applied to a low bypass ratio two spool turbofan engine and compared with the model compressor test data. The results showed to be useful to estimate the turbofan engine components performance such as fan, compressor, high pressure turbine and low pressure turbine.
This paper presents both experimental and analytical investigations concerned with the dynamic behavior of seamless cylindrical shells with two rectangular cutouts. These cutouts are located opposite to each other in the circumferential direction and their circumferential or axial lengths are systematically varied. The experimental results of free-clamped cylindrical shells made of epoxy resin agreed with the analytical ones obtained by use of finite element method. The variation of the circumferential length of rectangular cutouts has a greater influence on the dynamic behavior of cylindrical shells compared with that of the axial length.