Researches conducted by physical therapists are discussed from following three different viewpoints; 1) Necessity for those researches from the standpoint of an expert. 2) The present state of researches (training school for physical therapists, a trend of paper presentation at the Congress of Japanese Physical Association (JPTA), and the relationship between other congress and JPTA. 3) Problems for further discussion concerning researches (establishment of four-year university education, cooperated system with an adjacent branch of learning, distinctiveness of pathoexercise physiology, and view and instructions of paper presentation).

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Presumptive Statistics that clarifies characteristics of a population using those of random samples of unlimited population is necessary for our researches. At present, presumption and certification representing major methods of this statistics are easy to be conducted by virtue of development of softwares for the statistics. On the other hand, in spite of this handiness, they also involve a risk of improper use without understanding the meaning of the method. Especially, although certification of difference in average values and analyses of correlation are frequently observed in articles, it is seldom that the results obtained were sufficiently discussed. This tendency is considered to result from lack of understanding of the concept of presumption or certification, not from that of meaning. Comprehension of the concept of presumptive statistics is indispensable to consider what kind of or to what accuracy presumption or certification should be performed at the preparation stage of the experiment preceding sampling.

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There are two reasons to write the article. A profession must gain credibitiy so that physical therapists must develop the knowlege relating to the scientific method, The word science originates from the Latin scire which means to know. Research is the scientific method for finding the answer to question. This is an important method for physical therapists to improve the treatment and to find new technique. The other reason is that research encourages a critical attitude which is mandatory for the continued growth of a profession.
To write the article, is must consider the following: title, abstract, key word, introduction, method, results, discussion, conclusion and reference. And then, when having finished the article, the author should check it on the eight items for the more excellent result.

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This paper describes methods for calculating the moment of the human joint in movements, including following contents; standardization of the technical terms, forces acting as the fundamental mechanics and the equilibrium expression of which, a difference between rectilinear and rotary motions, the meaning of the moment of inertia, introduction of the movement equation, conditions for modelling human body necessary for calculating the movement equation, and the basic knowledge concerning kinematics and calculating methods for body dimensions.
This method enables us to presume physical strength around the human joint that can not obtained by any other methods. However, it should be always noted that values presumed using the model of human need to be compared with those obtained from the actual motions of human.

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The relasionship between evoked electromyography especially H reflex and physical therapy was discussed.
1) How to measure H reflex.
2) Repetitive evoked electromyography
3) Recovery curve
4) Comparison of averaged amplitude
5) Judgement of effects for physical therapy

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Cardiac Rehabilitation at four treatment stages, acute, convalescent, preserving, and precautionary, was described. In an acute stage, recovering process of myocardial infarction is indicated, and in a convalescent stage, programs for better recovery are introduced. In addition, promotion of health and a trend of precautionary rehabilitation are also discussed.

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The objcet of this paper is not to encourage physical therapists to become involved in research, but rather to point out what kinds of realistic problems must be faced if one wants to do clinically meaningful research. This topic is dealt with from a personal standpoint. Most physical therapists probably believe that money and time are sufficient to accomplish clinical research. Research, however, is not something that can be mechanically produced, but requires repetitions of trial and error, through which the researcher must exercise patience, study, and reflection. The motivation of a physical therapist wishing to do research thus becomes an important issue. If the therapist is primarily interested in proving a particular point of view, meaningful results are not likely to ensue. The therapist should instead work from a basis of curiosity, with as little preconceived bias as possible. Some personal examples of trial and error in this paper help illustrate some of these points.

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It can be unavoidable that the majority of treatment conducted by physical therapists would become occupied with exercise therapy including muscular training, and that subjects would grow in ages having severer disorders. In virtue of development in robot and computer that can act, look, or think in place of human beings, exercise therapy of weak and suitable intensity for patients is expected to be clarified and followed. In this report, this suitable intensity of the therapy is determined from various aspects such as physical activities and heart rate.

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