Introduction : Comprehensive Cancer Genomic Profiling Tests (CGP) were approved for Japanese health insurance in June 2019. Shinshu University Hospital is designated as a cancer genome hub hospital and has the function to conduct CGP and expert panel to assign clinical meaning to the results.
Material and methods : We retrospectively analyzed the data of CGP and the expert panel in Shinshu University Hospital and the liaison hospitals in Nagano prefecture from January 2020 to December 2022.
Results : A total of 296 patients (mean age 60.0 years, men/female 127/169) received CGP in our hospital. 90, 164, and 41 patients received NCC Oncopanel System, FoundationOne^® CDx, and FoundationOne^® Liquid CDx, respectively. We could present genetically compatible treatments based on the CGP test to 43 cases (14.5％). 14 cases have been found to have presumed germline pathogenic variants, and 10 cases among them were received genetic counseling.
Conclusion : The number of cancer patients receiving CGP in our hospital or Nagano Prefecture is increasing. But there are several issues to be addressed, such as conducting the clinical studies in our institution to increase the patients who can reach to the new adequate treatment.

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Fish collagen is becoming a potent material in many fields including the biomedical field by substituting for domestic animals that may cause zoonotic diseases. In this study, the skin of farmed barramundi (Lates calcarifer) was employed as a collagen material, and the affinity of this collagen for live cells was assessed. Four extraction solutions for the skin collagen were compared : acetic acid with/without pepsin as conventionally used, and alternatively lactic acid with/without pepsin. Among the resulting collagens, lactic acid-extracted collagen (LC) showed a meshwork of relatively fine fibers after lyophilization in scanning electron microscopy and a hydroxyproline content of 7.7％ in amino acid analysis. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) showed that this skin collagen was type I with α1 and α2 chains, and these chains had relatively close molecular weight as compared with those of porcine collagen. The viability of mouse fibroblasts exposed to LC at various concentrations for 24 hours was maintained at ≥ 93％, demonstrating its low cytotoxicity. In a wound healing assay using each collagen in the culture medium, LC supported more active motility of mouse fibroblasts than collagens obtained by the other extraction methods. Collectively, these results suggest that barramundi skin collagen extracted by lactic acid has suitable properties in cellular activities, exhibiting advantages over the conventional methods, and is expected to be a useful material for cell culture applications.

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Ginkgo biloba seed (GBS) poisoning is caused by the toxic substance 4'-O-methylpyridoxine (MPN). Gammaaminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain is suggested to be involved in the convulsion-inducing effect of MPN.
To clarify the direct effects of MPN in the brain on behavior and changes in vitamin B₆ and GABA concentration, we intrathecally administered MPN (5-80 nmol) to mice. Some of them developed hyperactivity and seizures. Incidence of behavioral abnormalities were correlated with the MPN dose/body weight. In the analysis of the brain, mice with hyperactivity shown decreased Pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP) and decreased GABA/Glutamae (Glu) ratio. Administered MPN dose/body weight was negatively correlated with PLP (p<0.001) and GABA/Glu ratio (p＝0.004) in the brain. MPN concentration in the brain negatively correlated with PLP (p<0.001) and GABA/Glu ratio (p<0.001), and a positive correlation between concentration of MPN and phosphorylated MPN (4'-O-methylpyridoxine-5'-phosphate, MPNP) was found (p＝0.01). We report for the first time that MPNP is produced from MPN in vivo and MPN decreases PLP concentrations in the brain, resulting in the decrease of GABA/Glu ratio and this change leads to behavioral changes.

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Background : Marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may be promising for reducing cognitive and functional decline in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment. We examined the effects of a new emulsifying oil powder including PUFAs extracted from Pacific krill on vascular cognitive impairment in a mouse model of cerebral small vessel disease.
Methods : Small vessel disease was created using a mouse model of asymmetric common carotid artery stenosis surgery (ACAS). Mice were fed an MF diet (MFD) or MFD supplemented with the new emulsifying Pacific krill oil powder (EPKOP) from 4 weeks before ACAS to 5 weeks after ACAS. Two and/or from 4 to 5 weeks after ACAS, all experiments were performed.
Results : Cerebral blood flow (CBF) was decreased in MFD-fed ACAS compared with MFD-fed sham-operated mice. CBF was similar between MFD with EPKOP-fed ACAS and MFD-fed sham-operated mice. EPKOP reversed the ACAS-induced decrease in the latency to fall in a rotarod test of ACAS mice. Moreover, it also reversed the ACAS-induced longer escape latencies in the Morris water maze test of ACAS mice. Hematoxylin/eosin staining demonstrated that EPKOP decreased the number of shrunken neurons in the ACAS mouse hippocampus. Interleukin 1β gene expression in the hippocampus was increased in MFD-fed ACAS compared with MFD-fed sham-operated mice. In contrast, its gene expression in the hippocampus was similar between MFD with EPKOP-fed ACAS and MFD-fed sham-operated mice.
Conclusion : These results suggest that the new emulsifying oil powder extracted from Pacific krill may be effective to prevent vascular cognitive impairment.

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A septuagenarian male patient presented at our medical facility with a chief complaint of left lower abdominal swelling. Computed tomography (CT) revealed an inguinal hernia protruding outside the inferior abdominal artery and vein, but with the hernia cavity extended cranially to the inguinal canal, indicating an interparietal hernia. Laparoscopic hernia repair (Trans-Abdominal Pre-Peritoneal repair : TAPP) procedure was conducted. During dissection of the preperitoneal cavity, the hernia cavity found to extend between the internal and external oblique muscles, with the internal inguinal ring serving as the hernia orifice. The hernia was repaired using a mesh in a manner analogous to a conventional inguinal hernia repair. Interparietal hernias are relatively uncommon, and CT imaging and TAPP repair proved valuable for both diagnosis and treatment.

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