The purpose of this study is to clarify the current state and problems of policies for disabled people by evaluating correctly the disability policy reform between 2010 and 2013. The policy reform for persons with disabilities was carried out by the proceedings against the Act on Support for Independence of Persons with Disabilities, the basic agreement was signed in the process, and the discussions of the Council for Promotion of Reform of Persons with Disabilities was created by the change of government in 2009. The characteristic of the promotion meeting was that more than half of the members of the meeting consisted of persons with disabilities and their families. That made people with disabilities expect good results. As a result of the discussion, the first opinion and the second opinion were given. However, mainly because of political changes, the revised Basic Act for Persons with Disabilities includes words that limit the right to “as much as possible” in community life and educational provisions. It didn't have the high rights that the members envisioned. The reform of the disability system still influences the resulting laws and the disability movement, which is a sign of increased rights.

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This paper reexamines the concept of workfare in order to criticize policies that shrink minimum income security and encourage recipients to be employed in the public assistance system in Japan. I survey earlier studies in Japan and distinguish two types of employment oriented social policy: the Human Resource Development model and the Labour Market Attachment model. First, I consider the concept of workfare described by Takafumi Uzuhashi and examine how it is useful in criticizing policies that support self-sufficiency in Japan. I then consider the conceptual turn from workfare to activation by Taro Miyamoto and examine how these approaches differ. I conclude that it is better to define workfare as policies which strengthen the linkage between employment and welfare exclusively within the public assistance system. It is reasonable to use “activation” to refer to not only policies which strengthen but also those that (relatively) weaken this linkage in a broad range of cash benefit systems. There is a clear difference between workfare and activation: the cost of active labour market policies is low in the case of workfare and high in that of activation. However, it is important that both have the abovementioned two types of employment oriented social policy.

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A certain number of people with disabilities in Japan who have been leaders in their fields have one thing in common. They have participated in the Mister Donut Study Abroad Leaders Program for Persons with Disabilities in the United States and the Duskin Leadership Training Program for Persons with Disabilities. As mentioned in papers by (Yamashita [2014]), (Yokosuka [1999]), and (Nakanishi [2014]), these have influenced the disability movement in Japan and produced many leaders. Nevertheless, there are only a few studies that have evaluated and discussed these projects. The purpose of this paper is to clarify how these projects have transitioned and to identify the uniqueness that can be seen in their selection process.

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In the mid-1970s, “Living Space Project for People with Disabilities in Kawaguchi City” embarked a movement to build housing for people with disabilities. This paper is a compilation of the chronological table and the related citations.

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This study examines the discourse known as the "Able-bodied people hands and feet Theory(KenjoshaTeashi Ron)" advocated by Aoi Shiba no Kai in the late 1970s. This study analyzes theperspective of a group of disabled people regarding the theory. The study uses primary sources.The "Able-bodied people hands and feet Theory" completely rejects the intervention of AoiShiba no Kai in its activities, and forbids any intervention by Able-bodied members of theorganization. There were two main issues surrounding the "Able-bodied people hands and feet Theory". The first concerns the positioning of able-bodied people. This can be attributed to the differencetoward the movement, whether it was accusation and denunciation or a different type ofstruggle. The second question concerns how to position the "movement" and "life". Althoughproponents of the "Able-bodied people hands and feet Theory" attempted to separate "ife" and "movement" skeptics questioned their positioning and argued that they cannot be isolated.

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