[in Japanese]

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[in Japanese]

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[in Japanese]

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The selenium distribution in the exoskeleton (abdominal pleuron) as an inedible tissue and the ordinary muscle of several species of shrimps (Kuruma prawn Marsupenaus japonocas, Northern shrimp Pandalus eous, Whiskered velvet shrimp Pleoticus muelleri and Black tiger prawn Penaeus monodon) in clustacea, which have been known to be useful as the scavenger of heavy metals, was investigated in order to clarify the possibility of the available utilization of selenium from those tissues, in relation with the mercury distribution involving the tissues. As a result, each selenium and mercury level in the exoskeleton of all subjected species, except Black tiger prawn, was about the same and low compared with that involving muscle, respectively. Moreover, from the selenium molar fraction involving exoskeleton, the low oxidation states of selenium species was almost predominant in all subjected species, as not in the case of involving ordinary muscle, suggesting that a little Se(VI) species as metabolized in living body after eating exists in the exoskeleton. On the other hand, the Se/Hg (the molar ratio of selenium to mercury) as an indicator of the safety of marine products was also extremely high compared with that involving ordinary muscle, except Black tiger prawn, suggesting that the exoskeleton will be usually inedible but significantly safe tissue in which low levels of heavy metals such as mercury will tend to accumulate, as in the case of a preceding paper. These findings suggest that the available utilization of selenium will not be expected from the exoskeleton, including the improvement of the environment.

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Water glass, which is a kind of the silicate compound, is relatively cheap material and is widely used as a raw material of fertilizer, synthetic detergent and binder of corrugated cardboard and so on. However, there is few research on the application of water glass for fire extinguisher using excellent function of thermo-sensitivity and polymer formation of water glass. In this study, in order to search the most suitable composition of a novel fire extinguisher using water glass and other inorganic compounds, fire extinguish experiments by the free angle splaying method was carried out to extinguish wood crib fire. The operation coefficient under these experiments was determined by the preliminary experiment using water as fire extinguisher. The fire extinguisher was prepared by dissolving aluminum silicate in water glass at optional concentration, and by dilution with water until various viscosities. The fire extinguisher splayed to fire was changed to a solid foam and/or a solid membrane on the surface of the burnt wood crib by dehydration condensation of silicate compounds caused by combustion heat. The formation of solid foam and membrane of silicate polymer on the combustibles by fire heat could be controlled by the viscosity of the fire extinguisher. The fire extinguishing ability was high at low viscosity of the fire extinguisher and high concentration of aluminum silicate in it. At this condition, it could form silicate polymer on the combustibles surface by fire heat. The cooling time until the crib temperature reached at 50 C after fire extinguishing decreased with decreasing the viscosity of the fire extinguisher.

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The water level sensor networks with TWE-Lite 2.4GHz Wireless Modules using a stand alone solar photovoltaic system was fabricated.　The transmission of signal is available for direct distance of 400m far from the measurement stronghold equipped commercial electric power and Internet access. The measurement data is allowed data distribution and remote access. The real time wave period for countermeasures of the overtopping wave with long-period was measured at Noto, Nyuzen and Shinminato coast.

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This study investigated the effect of song structure on recalling J-pop songs that we daily listen to and sing. J-pop consists of multiple sections, such as A-melody or key melody lines. In Experiment 1, subjects were asked to sing songs with the titles as cues. Errors that occurred at the ends of song sections were analyzed. There were errors whereby sequences of sections were incorrect. In this error type, the beginning of the section was more frequently recalled than the middle of the section following the end of the prior section. This result implicated that the beginnings of sections are more easily recalled and that they work as an access point for memory of a song. In Experiment 2, this hypothesis was assessed. Subjects were asked to recall the beginning-of-section lyrics or the beginning-of-phrase lyrics with the end-of-prior section melody or the end-of-prior phrase melody as cues. Subjections resulted in more accurate recall about the beginning-of-section lyrics than the beginning-of-phrases lyrics. These results indicate that memory of songs is reflected on the structure and that the beginnings of sections work as an access point for memory of songs.

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The spin-trapping ESR (ST-ESR) method, which observes unstable radicals as stable spin adducts using electron spin resonance (ESR), is an effective experimental method for evaluating chemical reactions involving radical reactions. For instance, reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydroxyl radicals and so on is trapped well by spin-trapping reagent like as DMPO. In this research, we considered the analytical conditions of generation and detection of singlet oxygen. All conditions were decided based on the viewpoints of high usability for the singlet oxygen scavenging/quenching evaluating method. In addition, all experimental conditions were examined with a solvent-independent measurement method. In this study, a nonaqueous solution is N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), and an aqueous solution is phosphate buffer solution (PBS, 100 mM pH 7.4). In each solvent CDCl3 or D2O was added at a 10 vol.% ratio respectively. Because heavy solvent was previously reported as an extending lifetime of singlet oxygen. The experimental conditions of singlet oxygen were examined by two different generation/detection methods. Photosensitization method using organic dye and thermal decomposition method by naphthalene derivative endoperoxide were studied as generation method, and 4,4’-bis (1-p-carboxyphenyl-3-methyl-5-hydroxyl) pyrazole (DRD156) and 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-3-pyrroline-carboxamide (TPC) were studied as detection reagent, respectively. As a result, DRD156 and thermolysis method was good combination for singlet oxygen generation and detection in aqueous solution (around neutral condition) and nonaqueous solution.

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[in Japanese]

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[in Japanese]

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The SepaTech Micro-bubble System has been applied to bio-argumentation by introducing an ERP KB-12 strain into contaminated soil with volatile organic compounds such as benzene. The ERP KB-12 strain can decompose benzene under aerobic conditions and effectively reduce the odor derived from contaminants in a short time. As a result of bio-argumentation at the old site of N company's Kobe factory in Chuo-ku, Kobe, we succeeded in improving the odor by injecting a relatively small amount of the ERP KB-12 strain. The odor before implementing bio-argumentation recorded about 960 on average in some plots, but it was irreversibly reduced to almost 0 about 24 hours after injection. By combining the ERP KB-12 strain and SepaTech Micro-bubble System, it is possible to effectively purify volatile organic compounds such as benzene in situ.

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