As a means of studying effects of air pollution subjective symptoms of individuals are often pursued, being represented by survey of chronic bronchitis among inhabitants. A total of 13, 100 people over 40 years of age living in six districts in Osaka were studied on self-administered questionnaires.
So far as chronic bronchitis symptoms were concerned, the present results showed good correspondence to the results made on direct interview through B. M. R. C. standard questionnaires. The present approach proved to be adequate in surveying a large number of individuals. Presently a formula was established about quantitative relations between the prevalence of chronic bronchitis symptoms and three factors, i. e., age, smoking and air pollution.
School pupils were also studied as to their subjective symptoms.
The pupils at polluted school had more respiratory symptoms such as cough, sputum and asthmatic findings than those at control school in the rainy season and winter when air pollution was severe. But they showed no marked difference in autumn when pollution was milder. A similar trend was observed regarding FVC.
A survey, of subjective symptoms, it is said, is not always so dependable. But it may afford a useful approach to the clarification of effects of air pollution, if careful considera- tion is given to its working techniques and analytical method.

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The trace elements in air pollutants were preconcentrated on the basis of co-precipitation method with suitable organic chelating agents, and determined by emission spectrophotometry. The nine trace elements were analyzed by this method.
Namely, these trace elements were leached out with 50ml of 6-Mol. hot hydrochloric acid from the glass fiber filter in which particulates in air pollutants were collected. This procedure was repeated twice. The sample solution were filtered out, and diluted to approximately a 150ml volume with twice distilled water.
After, a 10 mg of Indium as a carrier and 10μg of Palladium as a internal standard were added to this sample solution, a 10ml of 10% oxine-acetic acid solution, 4ml of 1% thionalide-gracial acetic acid solution, and 4ml of 10% tannic acid aqueous solution were added. Then, pH of solution was precisely adjusted to 5. 2 with ammonium hydroxide or acetic acid and allow the sample to stand overnight to ensure complete precipitation.
Filter the precipitate using Millipore Filter (HA. 47mm pore size 0.45μ) and transfer the precipitate to a quartz crucible. The precipitate was ashed at 450°C for about ten hours. After ashing, added sufficient high purity graphite powder of 1/2-fold vs. ashweight and mixed sufficiently. The sample-graphite mixture was loaded into carbon electrode (3mm × 3mm cup type) and arced for 2minutes.

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Comparative measurements of atmospheric particulate matter have been conducted at the four stations (Tokyo, Ichihata, Osaka and Kobe) during the periods of August to November in 1970. At the three stations except Tokyo low volume air samplers, light scattering aerosol recorders and tape air sanplers were continuously run. At the Tokyo station only the comparative measurement was done of low volume air sampler and light scattering aerosol recorder.
The 23-hour mean weight concentration of particulates of sizes below 10μm was determined from the data of low volume air sampler, whereas hourly level of particulates was continuously read out from the light scattering recorder and tape air sample.
The 23-hour mean values of level of particulate concentration as determined by the three methods were compared and the following relationships were obtained.
Between CPH (number of counts of output signal per hour as measured by light scattering aerosol recorder) and WC (weight concentration (mg/m³)):
Tokyo CPH=620WC (r=0.93)
Ichihara CPH=910WC (r=0.88)
Osaka CPH=660WC (r=0.80)
Kobe CPH=1060WC (r=0.76)
where r is correlation coefficient between CPH and WC,
Between X (=log Io/I, the transmittance of light through filter of tape air sampler) and WC:
Ichihara X=0.38WC (r=0.73)
Osaka X=0.61WC (r=0.74)
Kobe X=0.40WC (r=0.70)
where r is correlation coefficient betmeen X and WC.
Between Y (= (X₀-X)/(X₀-D), the light reflectance of filter of tape air sampler) and WC:
Ichihara Y=0.33WC (r=0.64)
Osaka Y=0.65WC (r=0.64)
Kobe Y=0.42WC (r=0.26)
where r is correlation coefficient between Y and WC.

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Nowadays injury of plants from HF gas becomes very popular, but we can find few reports about its toxicity and threshold value for paddy rice.
In exposure study ever reported, paddy rice and the other plants were fumigated by HF gas of high concentration (for example 50 - 2, 000 ppm). But the concentration of HF gas was so high that dependence of injury of plants on time should not be estimated sufficiently.
In this study, HF gas of lower concentration (2 - 5 ppm) was exposed to paddy rice for 10 - 40 days (10-days × 1-4 periods). This result shows positive correlation between F content of leaf _blade and F concentration in air. But no visible injury was observed throughout all periods. Even in severest condition (5ppb × 40 days) the yield, F content of hulled rice, the weight of 1.000 grains and the weight of straw had no difference from the paddy rice not exposed by HF gas.

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