Trends in Glycoscience and Glycotechnology

Syndecan Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans: Regulation, Signaling and Impact on Tumor Biology

Angélica Maciel Gomes, Dovile Sinkeviciute, Hinke A. B. Multhaupt, Atsuko Yoneda, John R. Couchman

Released: September 25, 2016

p.E79-E90

Virtually all animal cells express heparan sulfate proteoglycans on the cell surface and in the extracellular matrix. Syndecans are a major group of transmembrane proteoglycans functioning as receptors that mediate signal transmission from the extracellular microenvironment to the cell. Their heparan sulfate chains, due to their vast structural diversity, interact with a wide array of ligands including potent regulators of adhesion, migration, growth and survival. Frequently, ligands interact with cell surface heparan sulfate in conjunction with high affinity receptors. The consequent signaling can therefore be complex, but it is now known that syndecans are capable of independent signaling. This review is divided in two sections, and will first discuss how the assembly of heparan sulfate, the anabolic process, encodes information related to ligand binding and signaling. Second, we discuss how, in partial catabolic processes, new roles for HSPGs emerge that affect cell behavior. Examples from tumor studies are emphasized, since HSPGs may be altered in composition and distribution and may also represent targets for the development of new therapeutics.

Biosynthesis and Degradation of Dolichol-Linked Oligosaccharides

Yoichiro Harada

Released: September 25, 2016

p.E91-E96

Dolichol-linked oligosaccharides (DLOs) synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of eukaryotic cells serve as glycan donor substrates for N-glycosylation. Consequently, impairments in the biosynthesis of DLOs result in hypoglycosylation of multiple proteins and disrupt cellular homeostasis. While it has long been recognized that both mammalian cells and Saccharomyces cerevisiae have intrinsic mechanisms to breakdown DLOs, the physiological significance of this pathway remains elusive. This article summarizes the current state of our knowledge on the biosynthesis and degradation of DLOs and discusses their regulatory mechanisms.

Regulation of Lipid Biosynthesis by the N-glycan Biosynthetic Pathway

Yasuhiko Kizuka

Released: September 25, 2016

p.E97-E98

Full Text PDF[187K]

A New Way to Use Sugar via Microorganisms

Yusuke Tomabechi

Released: September 25, 2016

p.E99-E100

Full Text PDF[281K]

Syndecan Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans: Regulation, Signaling and Impact on Tumor Biology

Angélica Maciel Gomes, Dovile Sinkeviciute, Hinke A. B. Multhaupt, Atsuko Yoneda, John R. Couchman

Released: September 25, 2016

p.J77-J88

Virtually all animal cells express heparan sulfate proteoglycans on the cell surface and in the extracellular matrix. Syndecans are a major group of transmembrane proteoglycans functioning as receptors that mediate signal transmission from the extracellular microenvironment to the cell. Their heparan sulfate chains, due to their vast structural diversity, interact with a wide array of ligands including potent regulators of adhesion, migration, growth and survival. Frequently, ligands interact with cell surface heparan sulfate in conjunction with high affinity receptors. The consequent signaling can therefore be complex, but it is now known that syndecans are capable of independent signaling. This review is divided in two sections, and will first discuss how the assembly of heparan sulfate, the anabolic process, encodes information related to ligand binding and signaling. Second, we discuss how, in partial catabolic processes, new roles for HSPGs emerge that affect cell behavior. Examples from tumor studies are emphasized, since HSPGs may be altered in composition and distribution and may also represent targets for the development of new therapeutics.

Biosynthesis and Degradation of Dolichol-Linked Oligosaccharides

Yoichiro Harada

Released: September 25, 2016

p.J89-J94

Dolichol-linked oligosaccharides (DLOs) synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of eukaryotic cells serve as glycan donor substrates for N-glycosylation. Consequently, impairments in the biosynthesis of DLOs result in hypoglycosylation of multiple proteins and disrupt cellular homeostasis. While it has long been recognized that both mammalian cells and Saccharomyces cerevisiae have intrinsic mechanisms to breakdown DLOs, the physiological significance of this pathway remains elusive. This article summarizes the current state of our knowledge on the biosynthesis and degradation of DLOs and discusses their regulatory mechanisms.

Regulation of Lipid Biosynthesis by the N-glycan Biosynthetic Pathway

Yasuhiko Kizuka

Released: September 25, 2016

p.J95-J96

Full Text PDF[262K]

A New Way to Use Sugar via Microorganisms

Yusuke Tomabechi

Released: September 25, 2016

p.J97-J98

Full Text PDF[364K]

Volume And Issue List
Trends in Glycoscience and Glycotechnology

Trends in Glycoscience and Glycotechnology Vol. 28(2016) No. 163

MINIREVIEW

Syndecan Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans: Regulation, Signaling and Impact on Tumor Biology

Biosynthesis and Degradation of Dolichol-Linked Oligosaccharides

GLYCOTOPIC

Regulation of Lipid Biosynthesis by the N-glycan Biosynthetic Pathway

A New Way to Use Sugar via Microorganisms

MINIREVIEW (Jpn. Ed.)

Syndecan Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans: Regulation, Signaling and Impact on Tumor Biology

Biosynthesis and Degradation of Dolichol-Linked Oligosaccharides

GLYCOTOPIC (Jpn. Ed.)

Regulation of Lipid Biosynthesis by the N-glycan Biosynthetic Pathway

A New Way to Use Sugar via Microorganisms

System Maintenance

Announcement From J-STAGE

Journal Tools

Share this Title

Volume And Issue List Trends in Glycoscience and Glycotechnology

Trends in Glycoscience and Glycotechnology Vol. 28(2016) No. 163

MINIREVIEW

GLYCOTOPIC

MINIREVIEW (Jpn. Ed.)

GLYCOTOPIC (Jpn. Ed.)

System Maintenance

Announcement From J-STAGE

Journal Tools

Share this Title

Volume And Issue List
Trends in Glycoscience and Glycotechnology