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Volume 22 (2005)
- Issue 4 Pages 369-
- Issue 3 Pages 193-
- Issue 2 Pages 95-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 22, Issue 2
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
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Papers
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Kingduean SOMJIT, Orawan KONGPUN, Kiyoshi OSATOMI, Kenji HARA, Yukinor ...2005 Volume 22 Issue 2 Pages 95-103
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: October 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn view of potential utilization of shrimp waste, shrimp chitin (SC) and shrimp chitin hydrolysate (SCH) were prepared from 3 kinds of shrimp species, namely: black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon, endeavour shrimp Metapenaeus endeavouri and giant freshwater shrimp Macrobrachium rosenbergii. The effects of 5% SC and SCH (dry weight) on the state of water and on the denaturation of wanieso lizardfish Saurida wanieso myofibrillar protein (Mf) were evaluated based on changes in Mf Ca-ATPase activity and the amount of unfreezable water during frozen storage. Each effect was compared with those of Mf without additives (control) and Mf with glucose. The changes in Ca-ATPase activity of control and Mf with SC during frozen storage were exhibited biphasic pattern while those of SCH and glucose exhibited monophasic pattern. The amount of unfreezable water of Mf with SC was lower than that of control while those of Mf with SCH and glucose were higher than that of control. Present findings suggested that the preventive effect of SCH on freeze-induced denaturation of Mf is caused by the stabilizing the hydrated water molecule surrounding the Mf.View full abstractDownload PDF (505K) -
Yaowalux RUTTANAPORNVAREESAKUL, Kenji HARA, Kiyoshi OSATOMI, Yukinori ...2005 Volume 22 Issue 2 Pages 105-113
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: October 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThree species of shrimp heads from commercial industry waste were hydrolyzed by enzymatic treatment using protease. Shrimp head protein hydrolysate (SHPH) was added to wanieso lizardfish myofibrils at 5% (dry weight/wet weight) as natural cryoprotectant. The effects of SHPH on the state of water and the freeze denaturation of wanieso lizardfish myotibrils during frozen storage at-25°C were evaluated by determining the amount of unfreezable water and Ca-ATPase activity. Their effects were compared with those of sodium glutamate (Na-Glu) and without additive as the control. The amount of unfreezable water of myofibri1s with SHPH was higher than that of the control throughout the frozen storage for 120 days. Ca-ATPase activity of myofibrils with SHPH decreased slowly compared to that of the control, although the suppressive effects of SHPH were less than that of Na-Glu. The suppressive effects of SHPH were irrespective of shrimp species. Close correlation between the amount of unfreezable water and Ca-ATPase activity was observed. These results suggested that SHPH could prevent the freeze-induced denaturation of fish myofibrils during frozen storage by stabilizing hydration water surrounding myofibrils.View full abstractDownload PDF (507K) -
-Effects of Falling Height and Solution Concentration-Tetsuo HIRATA, Masaaki ISHIKAWA, Yuuta NAGATANI, Noriyuki YASUE2005 Volume 22 Issue 2 Pages 115-120
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: October 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSExperimental studies for freezing of liquid droplet fallen on a horizontal plate located in a cold room have been performed. The ice formed in this method is so called an ice stalagmite. Effect of height of the fallen droplet on the ice formation pattern has been examined using water droplet. As for the application of the present ice formation method to freeze concentration, 2, 5 and 10wt% ethylene glycol aqueous solutions have been frozen to examine the effect of concentration of the droplet on freeze concentration characteristics. It is found that the present freeze concentration method using ice stalagmite takes advantage for low concentration liquids.View full abstractDownload PDF (449K) -
Masao GOTO, Norihiro INOUE, Keiko SIROMOTO, Yukiyasu EMOTO, Yu LI, Mas ...2005 Volume 22 Issue 2 Pages 121-131
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: October 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe experiments on pressure drop in single-phase turbulent flow inside internally helical-grooved tube were carried out using fourteen different kinds of tube and a smooth tube with 6.35 mm outer diameter. The range of geometric parameters of test tube were number of grooves (45 to 65), helix angle (10 to 35 deg. ) and fm height (0. 15 to 0. 3 mm). In the experiments, the water was used as a test fluid and its inlet temperature was kept between 16 and 18 °C, and the flow rate was varied from 0.03 to 0.11 kg/s. The obtained data indicated that friction factor was increased with increasing the ratio of inner surface area of grooved tube to that of smooth tube and helix angle, while decreased with increasing the number of grooves. The correlations to predict the friction factor were developed based on the measured data, which predicted the experimental data within ± 10 % and correlated the data reported in literature within ± 10 %.View full abstractDownload PDF (554K) -
Shinya OBARA, Kazuhiko KUDO2005 Volume 22 Issue 2 Pages 133-143
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: October 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe transient response characteristics of electric power output of the fuel cell system for individual houses were investigated, and relation between system control parameters and transient response characteristics were clarified. Furthermore, the transient response characteristics of coefficient of performance (COP) and electric power output of the system which makes heat pump an auxiliary heat source were investigated. Moreover, the relation between COP of heat pump and the transient response characteristics of the system were considered. Analysis of operation cost of system components and annual operation cost balance was performed supposing introducing a fuel cell co-generation system installs to individual house in Sapporo and Tokyo. Relation between COP of heat pump and operation cost, relation of reformer time-constant and operation cost, operation cost of the system with town gas boiler instead of heat pump, were investigated. The fuel cell cogeneration system introduced into Tokyo does not have the necessity of using heat pump and boiler, and it is thought that energy demand is filled with installing a thermal storage tank of small capacity. Moreover, it is more advantageous for operation cost to introduce a town gas boiler rather than introduces about COP=2. 0 heat pump into Sapporo.View full abstractDownload PDF (771K) -
Eitaro KOYABU, Tetsuhiro TSUKIJI, Yoshito MATSUMURA, Taizo SATO2005 Volume 22 Issue 2 Pages 145-152
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: October 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe simplified test model of the commercial reciprocating compressor for an automotive air-conditioner, which is developed in the previous study, is used to measure the displacement of the suction valves using as train gauge and to investigate the velocity distributions of the discharge flow from the valves using PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) technique. This paper is focused on the effects of shape of the suction valve on the vibration-reduction. First, the size of the conventional valve hole and the width of the tip of the conventional valve are changed and seven new valves are manufactured to reduce the vibration of the valve. Consequently, it is found that one of the new valves is the most effective for the vibration-reduction. Next the influence of the natural frequency on the vibration-reduction is investigated using one of the new valves by changing the material and the thickness of the valve. Finally, the reason of the vibration-reduction for one of the new valves is discussed from the results of the flow analysis around the valve. The vibration-reduction for one of the new valves is confirmed by measurement of the displacement of the valve in the reciprocating compressor for the automotive air-conditioner.View full abstractDownload PDF (487K) -
Yoonhwan LEE, Chaobin DANG, Fumio TAKEMURA, Eiji HIHARA2005 Volume 22 Issue 2 Pages 153-164
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: October 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe performance of an ejector mixing type absorber depends greatly on the performance of the conversion of the thermal energy to the kinematic energy through a convergent-divergent nozzle. The characteristics of convergent-divergent nozzles for flashing expansion of initially subcooled LiBr aqueous solution were experimentally and analytically studied. Flowrates, pressure profiles along nozzles and droplet diameters were measured, and jet-flow pattern the nozzle exit was observed. This paper presents the effect of inlet pressure, inlet temperature, back pressure and divergent angle on pressure undershoot at the throat, critical flowrates and pressure profiles. It was found that flow pattern near the throat is superheated liquid jet core, and flow pattern in divergent nozzle is mist flow. The experimental and analytical results shows that pressure undershoot exists at the throat and slip between liquid and vapor exists in divergent nozzle flow.View full abstractDownload PDF (680K) -
Yoonhwan LEE, Chaobin DANG, Eiji HIHARA2005 Volume 22 Issue 2 Pages 165-171
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: October 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this research is to improve the performance of convergent-divergent nozzle for initially subcooled LiBr aqueous solution. The decline in the nozzle efficiency is due to pressure undershoot at nozzle throat and slip between liquid and vapor. We performed experiments using nozzle with grid near the throat and straight-throat. The following results were abtained : (1) Turbulence by grid near the throat has no effect on the slip between liquid and vapor in divergent nozzle flow. (2) The occurrence of cavitation in straight-throat decrease pressure undershoot at throat and slip between liquid and vapor by turbulence and mixing.View full abstractDownload PDF (392K) -
Naoyuki INOUE, Kiichi IRIE, Yukihiro FUKUSUMI2005 Volume 22 Issue 2 Pages 173-184
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: October 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAbsorption heat pump has features to produce high temperature energy by low temperature heat source such as hot water waste heat itself, and it is expected to be a cycle transforming waste heat to usable energy. Particularly promising is the heat pump which produces widely usable steam as high temperature energy. This paper deals with theoretical analysis of various absorption cycles supposing reversible cycles, and discusses the COP, temperature boost and maximum performance comparing with the Carnot cycle. Then simulation model of actual heat pump using H20-LiBr as the working fluid has been developed to predict the performance. A route of heat source hot water from a generator to an evaporator is desirable for high performance. Preheating feed water by weak solution is available for increasing the steam generating rate in the case of steam generation by an absorption heat pump.View full abstractDownload PDF (673K) -
Gab-Soo DO, Shigeaki UENO, Yasuyuki SAGARA, Mizuki TSUTA, Junichi SUGI ...2005 Volume 22 Issue 2 Pages 185-191
Published: 2005
Released on J-STAGE: October 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMicro Slicer Spectral Imaging System (MSSIS) has been applied to observe the three-dimensional(3-D) structure and distribution of ice crystals formed in biological materials. MSSIS is composed of a micro-slicer, near-infrared (NIR) illuminator and spectral imaging system. NIR Spectroscopic analysis using MSSIS confirmed that there are a water absorption band around 965 nm and an ice absorption band around 1025 nm. Spectroscopic images of a frozen agar gel and a piece of raw beef at 1,025 nm were obtained by the MSSIS. These images showed the ice crystals could be clearly distinguished from the other components by the different absorbance. The average area of ice crystals was 6,253 μm2, and the average distances of major and minor axis were 111μm and 62μm respectively. In addition, the 3-D re-constructed image of the ice crystal morphology revealed that they were formed along with the direction of heat transfer. The proposed method provided a novel tool to investigate the effects of freezing conditions on the size, morphology and distribution of ice crystals.View full abstractDownload PDF (537K)
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