To reduce the maintenance cost of current collecting materials such as contact wires and contact strips in electric railways, it is necessary to propose wear reduction measures based on wear mechanisms. Conventionally, the wear mechanisms of current collecting materials have been divided into two major categories: mechanical wear, which is considered to be solely adhesive wear, and electrical wear caused by arc discharges. However, there are some phenomena in the field that have not been explained by the conventional wear mechanism. Therefore, to clarify the mechanical wear mechanism of current collecting materials, which especially has not yet been clarified, we developed a rotating wear tester that can measure contact temperature during sliding tests,and wear tests were carried out. As a results, the mechanical wear was classified into four modes: “adhesive wear,” “seizure,” “abrasive wear,” and “softening flow and delamination wear”. In addition, from the measurement results of contact temperature and hardness on wear surfaces, we clarified that the transition of these wear modes is caused by the softening of material due to frictional heat.
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