This paper discusses the fundamental pedagogical theory (i. e. the cultural pedagogical thought) of Spranger in the twenties. The theory of cultural pedagogy combines through its copncet of culture the individual viewpoint with the social viewpoint and while contrasting the peculiar nature of education with cultural creativity, determines education as an act of cultural production, as such distinct from mere cultural transmission. In the central theme of the theory of cultural pedagogy formally fixed as mutual interaction of the subjective spirit and the objective spirit, building on the formation theory of neo-humanism, the theory of cultural pedagogy contains the characteristics of the formation theory. The theory of cultural pedagogy which amounts to a revival of the formation theory of neohumanism, while making much of the classical formation theory, carries, above all, at its centre the theme of the self-formation of modern man staying in close contact to the German classical school of thought. The theory of cultural pedagogy with these characteristic features took a critical stand against the debates concerning school reform which stood out clearly in contemporary Germany at that time, and at the same time it was critical also of the generation gap, yet at the same time this theory was occasioned by an attempt to mediate between these two opposites.
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