This paper describes the development of the bilateral partnership between Uzbekistan and China with new content and qualities, especially focusing on the historical background of mutual relations dating back to ancient times, delineating relations from the early modern period to the former Soviet era, and pointing out some legal aspects of multilateral economic partnership mainly after the independence of the Republic of Uzbekistan in 1991.

The “Introduction” points out the need to focus on the historical background of mutual relations between the both countries. It also mentions that Uzbekistan would assume chairmanship of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) in 2022.

“I. Historical Background” unravels the history of exchange between Uzbekistan and China till modern times. It also points out that the Silk Road supported their important and strategic co‑existence.

“II. Linkages between Uzbekistan and China from the geopolitical viewpoint of Central Asia” refers to the potential transit of Uzbekistan connecting East and West, the strengthening of regional ties with Central Asian countries including China, the process of economic integration and the expansion and fostering of mutual economic partnership.

“III. Major Legal Frameworks for Bilateral Cooperation” lists the major elements in bilateral relations since the recognition of Uzbekistan by China in 1991 and the establishment of diplomatic relations in 1992.

“IV. Cooperation in Regional and International fora” points out that the SCO has been growing as an international organization and that Uzbekistan is one of the countries actively participating in the “One Belt, One Road” project and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank.

“V. Achievements in Economic Partnership Relations” notes the high dynamics of bilateral cooperation in the trade, economy and investment, based on the implementation of legal instruments between the two countries, and the deepening of the cooperation and their recent trends.

“VI. Bilateral Regional Cooperation” points to the expansion of cooperation between the local administrative bodies of the two countries, the opening up of new directions of regional cooperation, and the establishment of cooperation in various fields.

“VII. Prospects and New Directions for Cooperation” examines how China has become one of the key partners in Uzbekistan’s efforts to advance major reforms and economic modernization.

In the “Conclusion”, it’s concluded that Uzbekistan and China will celebrate the 30th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations in 2022, are moving onto more ambitious tasks to overcome the tremendous achievements of the past.