目的：分譲マンションは1950年代より建設が始まり、2004年までのマンションストックは約456万戸を超えている。このうち、築20年を超えるものは約1/4、築10年を超えるものは約半数である。また「」が施行され、分譲マンションにおける管理組合や居住者は行政が提供する情報や支援制度を活用し、マンションを適切に維持・管理することが求められるようになっている。そこで本稿では分譲マンションにおける管理組合・居住者に対する行政の分譲マンションの維持管理に関する施策の実態を明らかにすると共に、築15年以上が経過した一つの分譲マンションの管理組合の取組みと居住者の住意識より、分譲マンションにおける管理組合に望まれる要件を考察することを目的とする。
方法：平成15年度住宅・土地統計調査速報より分譲マンション戸数を把握し、ホームページおよび訪問により分譲マンションの管理に関する施策を収集し、整理・分析を行った。また、管理組合の活動記録より管理組合の取組みを抽出し整理し、居住者を対象に住環境に関する意識についてのアンケート調査を実施した。
結果：川崎市における専用住宅は約53万戸であり、このうち3階建て以上の共同住宅は52.3％の27万戸、共同住宅のうち持家は約9万戸に上る。川崎市におけるマンション管理に対する施策は相談会・セミナー・耐震診断費用補助・リフォーム資金融資制度等である。実際の分譲マンション管理組合の取組みでは、特に駐車違反や住戸内のフローリングによる騒音が問題となっており、近年は新たにマナーや防犯に関する問題が発生している。居住者の住意識も、近隣からの騒音やゴミ置場の使い方等マナーに対する不満が多く挙げられた。

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1956年に日本で初めて民間の分譲マンションが誕生して以来，都市部を中心にマンションは主要な居住形態として定着している．しかし，建物と居住者の高齢化が進む中で，災害時の対応が重要な課題となっている．1995年阪神・淡路大震災や2011年東日本大震災では，マンションが倒壊や損壊し，多くの困難が生じた．現在，多くのマンションでは管理組合による災害対策が進んでおらず，特に首都直下地震を想定した場合，耐震性能や避難経路，ライフライン対策等，様々な課題が残されている．そこで本研究では，マンションの災害対策を体系的に把握することを目的として，以下のフレームワークを構築する．①マンションにおける災害対策の取り組みプロセス，②災害対策の現状把握に必要なアクション項目，③47種類の災害対策業務とマンションとの関連を整理することで，各プロセスを評価し，災害時の対応能力向上を図る．

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Both of the Act on Advancement of Proper Condominium Management and the Act on Facilitation of Reconstruction of Condominiums were revised on June, 2020. While owners of condos should manage their own property, some condos without proper management have appeared to suffer adverse effect （or sometimes nuisance）to the surrounding areas and residents. This amendment enables the municipal government to advise them to improve their management, and to certify plans of management developed by the owners so that the way of maintenance would be referred in the condos market. Also, more than 80 percent of the owners of condos, which are identified by the municipal government as “highly necessary to demolish” for the reason of their cracked walls, would be able to determine to sell the condos and sites as a whole to developers in order to speed up decisionmaking among the owners whether to keep maintaining or to reconstruct, to sustain the living environment which constitutes public interest.

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住宅の選択行動は複雑である．「健康性」，「快適性」が選択条件の上位になることは少なく，一方で，居住後に不満に思う割合は多い．2018年に示されたWHO housing and health guidelinesでは，過密居住の解消，過度の寒さを回避し18℃以上を確保すること，過度な暑さを解消すること，家庭内事故を防止すること，バリアフリーについて提言が行われている．こうした背景のもと，日本における住宅の選択行動を取り巻く状況を統計的データ，法制度，既往研究を参考にしながら，日本の住宅の選択実態について概観する．そして，健康で快適な住宅の選択行動に関し，「介入のはしご： The intervention ladder」を軸としながら日本とイギリスの住宅政策における介入状況について考察する．日本では，既に性能表示制度や建築物省エネルギー法などの整備，CASBEE健康チェックリスト等の開発が積極的に進められているものの，住宅の居住性能を評価・判定し，必要に応じて改修命令を出すことのできるイギリスの法制度と比較すると，日本の介入レベルは高くない．居住リテラシーの醸成やインセンティブを用いた誘導政策等が実施されているものの，健康やQOLの観点からも適切な住宅の選択行動をアシストできる何らかの仕組みが求められる．

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In this research, the concept of the cleaning quality management method for government buildings that was developed in our previous study is applied to apartment blocks, to verify the possibility of application of this method.
It was identified that the residents of apartment blocks focus on “dust” and “stains” on commonly-used areas such as “floors” and “walls” respectively, when evaluating cleaning quality. Based on this result, we next established “Subjects for Evaluation” such as “floors” and “walls”, and “Evaluation Items” such as “darkening” and “stains”, and set an “Evaluation Level” for each of the “Evaluation Items”. In addition, in this research we conducted a survey on residents' evaluation of cleaning quality for the residents of 25 buildings, and discuss improvements of cleaning quality through the application of this method as well as verifying the possibility of the application of this method.

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Individual privacy is respected in condominiums, but this makes it difficult to notice when individuals may require external assistance. To clarify the conditions of persons with special needs in condominiums, we surveyed the management staff of condominiums. The survey was conducted online, and 2,578 people (82.4% response rate) completed it. The survey revealed that the management staff identifies persons with special needs and provides support such as daily monitoring. It also indicated that the older the condominium and the larger the number of units, the more likely it is to have a resident with special needs. The results suggest that disaster preparedness for persons in condominiums with special needs must become more important in the future.

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This thesis provides a discriminant for rebuilding an apartment. By input real estate data for the discriminant, unit owners can obtain an answer that represents the apartment approaches rebuilt apartment samples or unrebuilt samples. The conclusion proves not only an importance of the rate of reduction, generally most important factor, but also high effect by expansion of the site area for the rebuilding.

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The purpose of this paper is to analyze what the owners of condominiums for sale and rent think about their business, how they actually conduct their business, what problems they have. A survey has been conducted by analyzing the results of the questionnaires to the owners of the condominiums. The following have been obtained from the survey: (1) The places where the owners of the condominiums live are scattered throughout Japan. (2) The amount of the assets of the condominiums has an influence on the way the owners think about their business. Many of the owners of the condominiums with assets of a small amount conduct their business steadily. On the other hand, some of the owners of the condominiums with assets of a medium or a large amount conduct their business steadily, while others conduct their business paying high expense. (3) Many of the condominiums are managed mainly by managing companies and not enough amount of money has been put aside for repairing the condominiums. (4) Many of the owners have a complaint about their business and about 90 percent of them are worried about their future business in some way or other.

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The study describes the effects about the apartment management for second-hand market prices.

1. The average of contract price shall be presumed by a control cost, a reserved fund and accounts receivable of control cost. The gap from the latest contract cost to the first one shall be presumed by a cleanup cost, a running cost of a management society, amount of decisions in conferences and accounts receivable of reserved fund.

2. Those constantly make a positive contribution for the second-hand apartment market prices. On the other hand, any kind of accounts receivables make a negative contribution.

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This paper is to find basic direction of improving condominium management though analyzing the current problems of the condominium. Some residents and owners hardly participate in the management system which the government expects, and some development, subdivision and distribution of the condominium disturb a proper management of the condominium. To tackle above problems, new management system of the condominium should be established with special emphasis on (1) ownership base or right of use base, (2) individual or group, (3) consensus system or manager system, and (4) public or community. Meanwhile, it is also necessary to implement the policies for (1) control of development, subdivision and distribution of the condominium for better management, (2) restriction of the right of private at certain extent and security of proper maintenance, (3) support of community life and homeowners'association, and (4) establishment of areaoriented supportive system of management of the condominium.

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