本研究では，反転授業を導入した理科の授業改善について，アクション・リサーチを用いたPACA 国際学校の小学校日本語セクションへの介入的な参加観察を行っている．反転授業では，動画と説明文からなるデジタル教材を作成し，児童にそれを用いた基本的な学習を授業前に行わせる．これにより，児童は，事前に知識を得た状態で，対面授業での発展的課題や実験に取り組むことができる．授業者自身による自由記述評価では，国際学校での授業時数，複式学級といった制約条件下における反転授業の効果的な側面と，改善すべき点について明らかにする．

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Landis-method, though under a new interpretation by the author, was applied in order to clarify the pathogenesis of “ekiri”. The pressure 60 mmHg for 15 min. was found to be optimum.
The results were as follows:
1) Two sorts of changes were observed in the peripheral stagnant blood at the height of “ekiri”. First, the erythrocyte component was more diluted than in the circulating blood, whereas the plasma was more concentrated, which is characteristic at the height of “ekiri”. Second, the erythrocyte as well as plasma component were more concentrated as compared with those in the circulating blood. But, the concentration of plasma was higher than that of the erythrocyte component. This sort of change was, however, more frequently observed in the acute stage of dysentery.
2) In the relaxing stage, the erythrocyte as well as the plasma component were mostly more concentrated than those in the circulating blood. But, the concentration of erythrocyte component was more marked than that of the other.
3) In dysentery as contrast, though the concentration of both erythrocyte and plasma component was elevated, the concentration of the latter was more so as compared with the former, as was mentioned above. The findings in the convalescent stage were almost the same as those in the same stage of “ekiri”.
4) The characteristic blood findings at the height of “ekiri”, i.e. elevation of plasma concentration accompanied with the diluted blood concentration was presumably caused by the spasm of capillaries which hindered erythrocytes to flow through the capillaries and brought the tissue fluid rich in protein into them.
5) According to the author's investigations of erythrocyte condition carried out simultaneously, the erythrocytes were thought to be contracted at the height of “ekiri” and swollen in the relaxing stage, whereas they seemed to be in the condition of microcytemia vera in the acute stage of dysentery. The condition in the convalescent stage of the latter, however, could not be clarified yet.
Consequently, it might be concluded that these data constitute a strong support to the theory that the spasm of peripheral blood vessels account for the great part of the severe symptoms at the height of “ekiri”.

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