In the early seventeenth century, the beginning of Edo period in Japan, almost all cities in Japan were constructed castle town, called JO-KA-MACHI in Japanese. Its forms are unique and diverse. Since the late nineteenth century, the train and derived infrastructures were incorporated into the old castle town structure, thus, various mutual relationships have been formed between stations and castle districts. Currently, City centers have maintained its traditional cultural elements, but the other hand, have changed gradually in accordance with the urban growth and its activities. Such urban structure of castle town plays an important role on re-activation strategies and selection of the re-activation areas.
 The purpose of this study is to clarify the positional relationship between dense project areas and the urban structure in Japanese castle-town cities. The study analyzed 9 cities by means of GIS kernel density estimation. By using official project volume and number of projects data, it is possible to analyze dense project areas as well as their relation with the former urban structure. As a result, the study found that distribution patterns by project amount and by project volume are different. The research found 4 characteristic types of density project areas. Besides, by analyzing these types in relation to the physical urban structure 3 form distribution patterns were found.
 -In the cases when the station and castle district are close, density project areas concentrate around them.
 -When the station and the castle district distant but connected by axis, two different patterns can be found:
  - Density project areas are localized on this connection route.
  - Density project areas are dispersed and there is no strong relation to the axis.
 -Finally, when there is not a clear connection, density project areas appear dispersed without apparent clear criteria.
 The analysis made clear the actual connection between density project areas and the urban structure with the following conclusions:
 1. The study developed a method for analyzing the correspondence between urban structure and density project areas involved in the activation of central city area by establishing a way to express the stage of the density focusing on the volume and the number of business.
 2. The distribution of dense project areas varies in accordance to the diversity of each urban structure. The research found diverse patterns of distribution and accumulation of projects according to the urban structure and features of central city areas.
 Further research should verify how the characteristics of density project areas correspond to the urban structure, and how this method can be applied for the evaluation of the regeneration strategy in the central city areas.

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