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Flood control techniques of the Tokugawa era have not been clear until today. Some preceding relational studies have described that river improvements during the Tokugawa era were conducted by two largest river improvement schools, namely, “Kantouryu ” and “Kisyuryu ” which, accordingly, had directed flood control techniques of the Tokugawa Shogunate.
Recent studies have gradually clarified the improvement works in each river in Japan during the Tokugawa era. The results are that “Kantouryu ” and “Kisyuryu ” might not have directed flood control techniques of the Tokugawa Shogunate. To find out these results, more investigation must be done on the river improvement works of the Tokugawa era in each Japanese river. As one of the studies in this new standpoint, this study is aimed at making clear the flood control techniques during the Tokugawa era in Sakawa river running in west Kanagawa Prefecture.

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Studies on flood control techniques of the Tokugawa era have been done from the Meizi period up to the present time. Previous studies concluded that river improvements during those days were conducted by two largest river improvement schools, namely “Kantouryu” and“Kisyuryu”. However, this conclusion and some other conclusions that were obtained through the scarcity of literatures are doubted by recent studies. Besides, these conclusions describe only the policy, and do not, in any way, report the details of flood control techniques during the Tokugawa era.
This study traces the Tokugawa era through written laws promulgated by the Tokugawa Shogunate in connection with flood control techniques. Thus, a thorough investigation of the flood control techniques during the Tokugawa era through these written laws is a primary objective. Results obtained from this study will then be useful in supplementing existing literatures describing flood control techniques of the Tokugawa era.

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