This thesis insist that civil service reform which was regarded most difficult one of administrative reforms in Japan since 1980s have finally begun to move by the collapse of the LDP 55th regime in 1993. However, it takes too long time to make a decision and policy making process seems to be a typical case of “Garbage Can Model”. Main cause of producing this feature is the change of relationship between politicians and bureaucrats. Politicians without any unified perspective of the new civil service strayed whereas bureaucrats acted rationally in a monolith to keep the status quo. Seven institutions concerning to civil service reform have negative effects to the reform, but the change of most influential institution among them, that is the relationship between the politicians and bureaucrats had changed to promote the reform. This change come from the collapse of the LDP 55th regime.

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