1) 1984年6月13日,北海道中川郡音威子府村字物満内の山林において,ふ化後1-2週間と思われるクマゲラのひな2羽を保護し,7月22日まで40日間飼育した.
2) 餌はエゾアカヤマアリの幼虫•さなぎ•成虫と牛肉の赤身を与えた.
3) 体重は飼育開始時は各140,150gであった.40日目には260,280gとなった.ただし,13-22日目には体重の増加が認められなかった.
4) 翼長は各々110.116mmであった.40日目には225,235mmとなった.ただし32日目以降伸びはみられなかった.
5) 飼育10日目には,身体の翼基部裏面を除いて全身が羽毛で被われた.頭部の変形および頭頂部赤色斑の形状変化は10-13日目に著しかった.
6) 行動の変化では飼育10-11日目に飼育箱内壁面に止まり,12日目からはばたき行動を行なうようになり,18日目には飼育箱から飛び出し,35-37日目には飲水,水浴び行動を示した.また光の明から暗への変化が餌ねだりを誘発した.鳴き声の変化は10-11日目,14日目,21日目に起こった.

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The weed flora in northern district of Kamikawa, Hokkaido, was surveyed from 1975 to 1979. It consisted of 326 species of 61 families, including the poisonous weeds for domestic animals and the naturalized weeds grown in non-arable lands.
These species were classified in the following three groups according to growing places: the upland weeds which are found in and around upland fields (64 annuals and 122 perennials-a total of 186 species of 41 families), the lowland weeds which are found in and around lowland fields (11 annuals and 37 perennials-a total of 48 species of 18 families) and the common weeds which grow both in upland fields and lowland fields (12 annuals and 25 perennials-a total of 37 species of 15 families).
Fifty three species of weeds belonging to 27 families were identified as poisonous. These weeds included 9 annuals and 44 perennials, and 24 species of them were found in only non-arable lands.
One hundred and three species of the naturalized weeds were found in arable or non-arable lands. They consisted of 39 annuals and 64 perennials, belonging to 23 families, and 64 species among them were growing in upland fields.
By their weedy members alone, the following families most plentifully represented are: Comopositae (51), Gramineae (44), Caryophllaceae (20), Labiatae (17), Polygonaceae (17), Cruciferae (13), Ranunculaceae (12), Cyperaceae (12).

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The weed flora in Tokachi district, Hokkaido, was surveyed at 1967 to 1974. It consisted of 415 species of 67 families, including the poisonous weeds and the naturalized weeds grown in non-arable lands.
These species were classified in the following three groups according to growing places: the upland weeds which are found in and around upland fields (96 annuals and 141 perennials-a total of 237 species of 43 families), the lowland weeds which are found in and around lowland fields (29 annuals and 51 perennials-a total of 80 species of 30 families) and the common weeds which grows both in upland fields and lowland fields (12 annuals and 21 perennials-a total of 33 species of 12 families).
76 species of weeds belonging to 32 families were identified as poisonous. These weeds included 17 annuals and 59 perennials, and 40 species of them were found in only non-arable lands.
119 species of the naturalized weeds were found in arable or non-arable lands. They consisted of 57 annuals and 62 perennials, belonging to 23 families, and 88 species among them were growing in upland fields.
By their weedy members alone, the following families most plentifully represented are: Compositae (59), Gramineae (58), Polygonaceae (29), . Cruciferae (21), Caryophyllaceae (20), Cyperaceae (18), Leguminosae (17), and Ranunculaceae (17).

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A field survey of the root-knot nematodes was undertaken in the northern part of Hokkaido. The results so far obtained during the period of May-November 1955 are as follows : 1. Wild plants of 46 species covering 19 familles on which more or less galls were observed, were collected at 13 localities ; no Gramineae was infected(Table 1). Among them, 16 species which had not been recorded in earlier reports relating to the hosts of Heterodera marioni, now a synonym of Meloidogyne spp., were included. These are indicated with asterisks in Table 1. 2. Soy bean, azuki bean, pea, red clover, pyrethrum, burdock, Jerusalem artichoke, red pepper, potato, carrot, sugar beet and flax were observed to be commonly infected by the root-knot nematode. 3. All of the infected plants disclosed the presence of only a single species Meloidogyne hapla. 4. No gall was found on the roots of 14 species of plants including 11 species of the Gramineae grown inside the heavily infected sites. This suggests that these plants are not hosts of M. hapla. A list is given in Table 3. 5. The plantain, Plantago major var. asiatico, P. lanceolata and the dandelion, Taraxacum platycarpum, have the widest distribution and bear exaggerated galls when infected. These weeds were of use to confirm the presence of the nematode in the soil. 6. M. hapla was frequently discovered in characteristic soils such as peat soil, acid soil, clay soil and acid beavy clay soil ; these soils occupy a comparatively large part of this region. 7. The pyrethrum galls of nearly the same size were inoculated to 8 species of plants grown in pots. It seems that the size of the newly produced galls is characteristic to the species of the host. Fig. 3 shows the size of the galls of pyrethrum, dandelion, soy bean, peanut and potato, from left to right. M. hapla failed to attack barley, wheat and maize. 8. Plants infected by this species have extensive root proliferation and always several lateral roots just above the gall.

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In a village of Miyagi Prefecture, epidemiological studies on the hookworm were carried out from 1954 to 1955. The incidence of human infection was found to be relatively higher in percentage on residents working in fields under cultivation and lower in those who had no or seldom chance of working in fields. Among the latter were included babies, children, nurses, care-takers and students. The infection of hookworm is thought to be remarkably effected by the mode of life, the relation of the mode of life to the contaminated area is of great importance to the infection. By the treatment with tetrachiorethylene 216 cases were found to discharg hookworms. Twentythree or 12.2 per cent of them were infected with Ancylostoma duodenale DUBINI, whereas 80 or 42.6 per cent with Necator americanus STILES and 85 or 45.2 per cent with both species. Of the total of 5279 specimenus of hookworm 4481 proved to be A. duodenale and 798 N. americanus.

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