西園寺公宗の宝、日野名子の日記「竹むきが記」は、皇統・公家社会・婚姻形態にかかわる三つの危機を乗越え、これに鍛えられた女性によって書かれた作品である。困難きわまる時代の中で、夫を失い、その家に乗込んで遺児を育て上げ、家門を守った彼女は、同時に自らの判断で信仰の道を定め、在俗修行に徹する。中世までの自立性高い女性と、近世の夫に従属し家を守る女性の分岐点に立つ本記は、危機を描く文学として価値高いものである。新たな見直しを期待したい。

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This article discusses the policy towards the aristocracy adopted by the fourth shogun of the Muromachi Bakufu, Ashikaga Yoshimochi. The research done in the past regarding Yoshimochi tends to emphasize differences, even a clean break, with his father Yoshimitsu. Recently, however, there has been a shift or sorts towards continuation and similarity between the two shoguns. In the present article, the author argues that both similarities and differences could have existed between the two at the same time, and from that point of view attempts to identify what the son chose to inherit from his father and what he did not. Before his renunciation of the world (shukke 出家), Yoshimitsu always followed a personal regimen modeled after the precedents set by the Fujiwara imperial regents. On the other hand, he also took on duties never assumed by the Fujiwaras, such as director (Naiben 内弁) of the enthronement ceremony and a performer at imperial outings. Before entering the Buddhist priesthood, he put his headship of the Ashikaga family on a par with the heads of the five regent families, and when he did renounce the world, he put himself on a par with the similarly tonsured retired emperor. A member of the regency before his renunciation, a quasi-retired emperor after. Yoshimochi, on the other hand, did follow in his father's footsteps in representing the regency on various occasions, however, unlike his father he did not get involved in directing the enthronement ceremony nor performing before the emperor. In other words, he used the precedents set by his father only in establishing himself as an equal to the Fujiwara regents.

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