In order to make clear the difference of up and down milling at high cutting speed range, experimental studies were carried out on 0.53% carbon steel with oxide and carbide tools. Though the cutting temperature of up milling is higher than down milling a little, the cutting force of those two cutting methods indicate the same values especially at high cutting speed range. As the forms of cutting force curves are coincided with the change of the cutting sectional area, it can be considered that up and down milling operate same mechanism. Tool life tests were carried out also. Down milling with oxide tools showed shorter life than up milling. On the end of down milling, cutting edge makes recontact with work surface, and unusual failure of the cutting edge occurs at this time. So at high cutting speed milling, it must be used up milling.
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