The intraluminal pressure of the oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus and trachea has been measured since late nineteenth century. But the methods employed were troublesome for practical use and the acuracy of the obtained data was doubtful compared to the recent technical standard. For these reasons, the measurement of the intraluminal pressure did not play a role of a routine clinical examination.
Meanwhile, the miniture transducer has been employed for clinical use especially in the cardiovascular fields to measure the blood pressure directly. With this device we can measure intraluminal pressure acurately and safely. We have measured the pharyngoesophageal, subglottic and oral pressures and evaluated the swallowing function and vocal efficiency. In this paper, devices and methods measuring intraluminal pressure and the results were reported.

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Statistical observation on 198 operated cases in past 2 years at Chiba National Hospital has been done in order to find out the prognosis of gastric-resection by examining preope-rative EKG and mortality rate as its index.
1) out of 198 cases, 28% showed abnormal EKG findings before surgery.
2) Out of all cases, the cases with normal EKG findings before surgery was 3.5% of mortality rate, while abnormal group was 13%, namely the mortality rate of the latter is higher than that of the former.
3) The more age advances, the more frequently abnormal EKG findings were observed. Group below the age of 40 was 14%, between the age of 41 to 60 was 27% and above 60 was 41%.
4) As to the benign and malignant diseases, the latter had higher mortality rate after surgery, and the cases with abnormal EKG findings before surgery showed high mortality rate in both groups.
5) The following groups who had abnormal EKG showed higher mortality rate after surgery comparing with the cases with normal EKG findings:
(1) The group below the age of 60 with myocardial damage.
(2) The group above the age of 61 with low voltage.
6) As to the mortal cases, all of 12 cases were cancer or perforation of stomach, and the cases with abnormal EKG findings before surgery were a little superior in number.
The author believe that the above-mentioned statistical observation made clear the relationship between preoperative electrocardiogram and results of the gastric-resection to some extent, although great at tention to the clinical findings and other examinations should be paid in order to make exactdecision of operative indication without depending only upon EKG findings.

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Taro mill, which was reconstructed in 1961 after the conflagration, is now treating 870 t crude ore per day and producing Cu. Pb. Zn and Sp concentrates. This paper describes the present state of the mill and recent improvements i. e.
1) new installation of heavy media separation by the drum Separator.
2) new trial of de-gangue flotation at the top stage before sulphide flotation.
3) No. 3 dam construction for the waste of flotation tailings.

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We had already reported the results of the Short-Term-Directional-Wave-Buoy. But there was a problem on the directional data. In another words, there was time drifting problem on the directional sensor. Since we have had this problem, we correct the buoy-coordinate-system-based data to the data based on space coordinate system by using the wind-vane on buoy itself. Then by measuring the wind direction, we could estimate the buoy direction.
This time, with solving the directional sensor problem, correction of measured time history by using measured buoy direction was done, and the improvement of Short-Term-Directional-Wave-Buoy has been confirmed through the numerical simulation, tank experiment and reliable field data were obtained.

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Functional tests in addition to morphological tests including serial X-ray examination, X-ray cinematography and endoscopic cinematography have come into wide use in examining the cardiac function.
The pH determination in the internal pressure change of the esophagus is one of them.
With the development of a micreglass electrode, it has become possible to make simultaneous measurement of pH and internal pressure in the esophagus. Furthermore, the pH determination combined with an esophageal endoscope has enabled one to make macroscopic observations on the esophageal mucosa and conduct a functional test simultaneously.
Appling clinically these methods, we have studied gastroescphageal reflux on the basis of pH values and changes in the swallowing pressure of the esophagus, and the resting pressure of the esophagus, particularly at the gastroesophageal junction.
In the present study we have made observations on changes of the pH curve and the internal pressure of the esophagus in cases of abnormalities of the cardiac function such as hiatal hernia and cases of postoperative reflux escphagitis in cardioplasty. We have also reported a method for measuring the internal pressure with a recently developed transducer or the so-called microtip transducer using a semiconductor.

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Suppression of the swinging load is very important for increasing the operability of a floating crane in waves. In the first report, we proposed a effective method of suppressing a swinging load through controlling the floating body motion itself adding pnumatic actuator system. This was a very unique idea and the effectiveness of this method was confirmed through model experiments and numerical simulations, especially in long crested irregular waves. In the second report, we report about the results of this confirmation in more realistic experimental condition and by using more advanced controlling system also in directional spectrum waves. Namely, the swinging load is moved up and down direction in directional spectrum waves. This case, the natural frequency of swinging load is changed according time passed and transverse swing occurs. Furthermore, optimal control was introduced in numerical simulation.

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Filament wound (FW) pressure vessel is one of candidates to improve rocket structural efficiency without increasing manufacturing cost. Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) has been selected as a material of pressure vessel for solid rocket. This paper describes development of a superior material system for filament wound pressure vessel.

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Seedling dynamism of Abies veitchii is studied in a large scale disturbed area located in a subalpine forest in Mt. Fuji, central Japan, which was damaged by Typhoon No. 17 in 1996. Study sites are established in 3 stands: wind damaged (disturbed), closed canopy (undisturbed), and transition (neutral) stands. Number, age, height, annual growth rate, and ecesis substrate of seedlings are investigated in each stand. In addition, light, temperature, and humidity are also measured as environmental factors. In the disturbed stand, no tree species are found over the shrub layer. This stand appearance has great influence on the growth of seedlings. Straight growth and population size of seedlings are the largest in the disturbed stand, which is caused by the changed light condition. In the past five years, progress of straight growth has been more remarkable after the disturbance.
Consequently, it is suggested that Abies veitchii has a species specificity similar to intolerant trees.

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Generation of freak waves in an experimental tank are occasionally necessary for the investigation of the responses of floating structures in case of capsizing, impact pressure of waves and so on. For the long crested freak waves, there are so many researches available. However, there are not successful research on the generation of freak waves by utilizing Multi-Directional Transient Water Waves. For this reason, one point-concentrated freak wave is generated and it's criteria is investigated, where a directional spectrum wave generator is used in a longitudinal towing tank.

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