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  • ―日欧比較―
    園山 大祐
    比較教育学研究
    2015年 2015 巻 50 号 234-237
    発行日: 2015年
    公開日: 2020/08/15
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 榊原 禎宏
    日本教育経営学会紀要
    2000年 42 巻 2-11
    発行日: 2000/05/30
    公開日: 2017/07/06
    ジャーナル フリー
    The purpose of this papaer is at first to point out the meaning of Grade-Management and Classroom-Management in Japanese school. Classroom-Management is constructed from two aspects. One ist the side of individual on student and the other is the side of group. Teacher should manage diese two points each other. Because of the character of classroom which is once in a year organized, teacher has to emphasise the group activitiy and norm against classroom students. That means the learning about subjects in each student ist basically restricted to the classroom-keeping. As the mental background of teacher it is possible to indicate the tendency, that they form a connection with students as human-relationship. As a result Grade-Management is on relative negative position. Exceptions of that are limited to some ereas which concern guidance or common events in junior high school. The latter part of this paper raises some prognoses around Grade-Management and Classroom-Management in school. The important factors, 1. Continual decleasing of student numbers, 2. school budget retrenchment in public finance, 3. more relative delegation on school and local school board and 4. the change of social expectations against school might effect to the school in near future. Nowadays school policy in Japan focuses mainly the students who are to be left behind. Nevertheless as a rapid change on circumstances in the world, school in Japan would also gradually turn around the other direction, which makes attention to high talented or honorable students. In addition to that, it would be difficult to plan School-Management within only one school. It would run for example to the idea of collective schools. The base on Grade-Management and Classroom-Management would decay in accordance with these conditions.
  • 教育の自由化・個性化と「小さな学校」論をめぐる論争点
    石井 英真
    教育学研究
    2020年 87 巻 4 号 508-520
    発行日: 2020年
    公開日: 2021/10/19
    ジャーナル フリー

     教育の自由化論が高まる中、コミュニティとしての日本の学校をどう考えていけばよいのか。本論文では、経済産業省の「未来の教室」を典型とする、「小さな学校」論の基本的な発想(機能主義的再編と個人主義的再編)を明らかにし、論争点を整理する。特に、個別最適化に代表される学習の個別化・個性化、履修主義と修得主義、学年学級制等について検討を行う。その上で、日本の学校の共同性と公共性を再構築する視座を提起したい。

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