This paper mainly discusses the Buddhist thought and moral training theory of Zhao Dazhou, a scholar of the Taizhou school. In the Chinese Buddhist history of the Late Ming period, the prevalence of the Surangama-Sutra was an important factor. Yugangzhai Bichen had an article that Dazhou instructed students to read from the Surangama-Sutra at the Imperial Academy in the Longqing period. If this article was a historical fact, it would have had a huge influence on the trend of thought of the Wanli period, but there is almost no archive about the Surangama-Sutra in his biography that was written during the Ming Dynasty and his collected works ─ Zhao Wensu Gong Wenji ─ so it is difficult to attest whether or not the article of Yugangzhai Bichen was a historical artifact. To clarify the relationship between Zhao Dazhou and the SurangamaSutra, the author analyzed the moral training theory of Zhao Dazhou, mainly using his writings and related documents. Through this research, the author reached the following conclusions: First, like another scholar of the Taizhou School, he emphasized the theory of “Mind Means Principle” in his early days, and he emphasized on consistency in mind and action. However, after he met with a political setback, he emphasized the necessity of gradual cultivation and noted that its way was to improve wisdom and meditation. Therefore, while the credibility of the article cannot be established, the philosophy of Zhao Dazhou should be an impetus that leads to the prevalence of the Surangama-Sutra in the Wanli period.

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