This article greatly has two purposes. The first purpose is understanding of the influence that the inferno that occurred on October 1, 1955 gave for the update of the city. The second purpose is to clarify a career of the Shinsaku Igarashi which acted as the deputy mayor of Niigata city and the role in the urban renewal. The authors think that the rehabilitation plan of the great fire has a big influence on urban renewal. Particularly, the development of the fireproof building belt helped not only the fireproofing of the city but also the maintenance of the cityscape and carried one end of the urban renewal.
In Niigata city, most of the city areas suffered from it by the great fire of 1955. Therefore Niigata prefecture and Niigata city asked the cooperation of the Ministry of Construction and pushed forward the rehabilitation plan. But the plan of the prefecture and the city fixed their gazes on the future development called a population of 500,000 people as well as the rehabilitation of the great fire. The prefecture and the city referred to rehabilitation plan of war damage and the great fire in other cities. The land readjustment project with the street widening was decided quickly, and the prefecture accomplished it. As a result, as for the rehabilitation, the fireproofing of the city advanced with the notable speed. Because the reason does not greatly change the position of the public building and reserve of the street widening, and a scale of the civil engineering project was small, it could start building project immediately. As the background, Housing Loan Corporation and the local administration gave financial support for the rehabilitation plan of the great fire. In addition, the Japan Housing Corporation which did not have the start room did an experimental action by this rehabilitation plan. The other reasons were good economic conditions, it is that there were there having been the company which they can rebuild by themselves and the fireproof building which were started construction of before the great fire.
The urban renewal advanced any place other than the stricken area.It had the review of the plan before the great fire and urbanization around Niigata Station. Particularly, urbanization of around Niigata Station became the base of new urban area, east part of Niigata city and was linked to the old urban area, west part of the city, in fireproof building belt.
However, there was project called off without enough subsidies because the government decided the rehabilitation plan without confirming the intention of local people. In addition, as for the rehabilitation plan, there was a difference in the degree of progress by areas and a historic scene was lost. Thus, it is necessary the result of the rehabilitation plan of the great fire limits a district, and to evaluate it.
Shinsaku Igarashi was the technocrat who was born in Niigata prefecture in 1902, and graduated from department of agriculture, the Imperial University of Tokyo in 1928, and worked in Ministry of Home Affairs, in 1939, he moved to Manchukuo and engaged in important city planning project “Daitoko”. After WWII, he worked in Public Works department, Niigata prefecture government as engineer and department chief. Meanwhile, he was concerned with war damage rehabilitation planning of Nagaoka city and new Niigata Station construction project.
Such a career was evaluated, and he inaugurated to second deputy mayor as part of pipe with national government and Niigata prefecture and the person in charge to promote construction project of Niigata city on July, 1955. His deputy mayor assumption of office had much dissenting opinion, too. However, after the great fire, he made an effort for rehabilitation project and conventional project promotions as the person in charge of the technical aspects. In addition, his role was recognized by peoples.
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