九州地方でかつてヒ素に汚染されたことのある地域から採集した微生物群からスクリーニングしたヒ素耐性淡水産藻類を用いて,ヒ素汚染淡水の浄化を目的として,藻類の生育条件とヒ素生体濃縮の関係を研究した。　単離した藻類のうち,らん藻のヒドロコリウム属とミクロケーテ属について培養温度・培地成分と生育およびヒ素生体濃縮の関係を調べた結果,培養温度は両者とも35℃ が最適であり,培地成分は前者は貧栄養,後者は濃厚栄養の培地でそれぞれ生育が良かった。一方,水相からのヒ素生体濃縮に及ぼす培養条件は,生育の良否と一致せず,水相ヒ素の除去のためには生育量と生体濃縮の積を大きくする培養条件の設定が必要である。　藻類の生育およびヒ素生体濃縮は,単Jの純粋培養よりも複数の藻類が混在する系の方がいずれも大きいことを見いだした。　また供試藻類はヒ素を取り込むと同時にヒ素排出の挙動があることをつきとめ,緑藻クロレラ属に関して,生育曲線の各生育期における細胞内ヒ素濃度,水相ヒ素濃度の経時変化を表す半理論曲線式を導入した。この式によって,水相ヒ素濃度を最低にする生育条件を設定・制御できることが分かった。

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 The aim of this study is to clarify the framework of architectural thoughts with the word "box" through analyzing design theories of contemporary Japanese houses. Firstly the conceptural recognitions for "box" are classified into four categories (Simplicity, Unitarity, Primordiality, and Histricity) through analyzing articles written as design theory for houses by architect. Secondly the organization forms of "box" are analyzed from two aspects. The one is the characteristics of "box" which is classified into Mass type and Volume type, and the other is the operations on "box" which shows the number of "box" to operate or not to operate. Finally relations between the conceptural recognitions and the organization forms of "box" are analyzed totally including a chronological consideration.

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In this paper the characteristics of the relationship between exterior spatial composition and the facade design in contemporary Japanese commercial buildings are typologically clarified. Firstly their facade design patterns by their opening and material features with volume articulation are analyzed. Secondly their exterior spatial compositions by volumes accompanied with articulated outside are analyzed. Thirdly the relationship between the facade design pattern and the exterior spatial composition is analyzed, and several typological features, characterized as 'surface expression by screen-like material', 'exposing interior space through the glass wall', 'street-like open space through the window facade', 'layers of glass volume and wall volume', 'shape expression with various materials' are found. In the conclusion, it is pointed out that the compositional form of the contemporary Japanese commercial buildings can be defined by the interactive articulation of exterior volumes with the difference of patterns on the facade.

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Architects encounter a variety of limitations in the processes of design development and construction. From safety concerns to economic challenges, the presence of such limitations is a reflection of standards expected in professional practice that at times restrict design possibilities. However, some architects use these circumstances to their advantage, and in doing so, continuously redefine design conventions. In this research, we will study the design thinking that allows designers to subvert disadvantageous conditions for pioneering, unorthodox outcomes.

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The aim of this study is to clarify the characteristics of indoor and outdoor living spaces in contemporary Japanese courtyard houses. Firstly, furnishings of courtyards, such as floor-materials, sky-coverings and fixtures, are analyzed. Secondly, spatial connections between courtyards and living rooms are analyzed by their sectional arrangements and floor areas. Finally, seven compositional types of furnishing of courtyards and connection with living rooms are suggested. Prevalent types show a tendency of characteristics of small courtyards something like attached outdoor rooms because these courtyards are mainly furnished with artificial floor-materials and connected to adjacent living rooms. Types of the combination of artificial and natural floor-materials emerged in various spatial connections. The type of courtyard furnished with only natural floor-materials is found in the case of combination with living rooms on the upper floor.

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This paper aims to clarify the framework of the architectural schematic model by analyzing project descriptions of houses in design theories by contemporary Japanese architects. Firstly, the components of the model are classified into 4 building elements (Volumetric, Planar, Linear, and Secondary Elements) and Ground. Operations with the elements are classified into Topological/ Ordered Arrangement and Property Manipulation. Secondly, formal aspects of the model are considered from the viewpoints of Integrating Element and Dominant Operation within Topological/ Ordered Arrangement. Finally, 18 types of the model are found and classified into 4 concepts considered architectural archetypes: Container, Cover, Enclosure, and Partition.

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This report aims to illustrate contemporary Japanese architect's "Thoughts on the Time", which is the thinking of architecture in consideration of the flow of time by investigating design theories on the extension and reconstruction. Firstly the contents of each design theory were analyzed, and several descriptions of "Thoughts on the Time" were extracted. These descriptions were considered in two aspects ; one is the perception of the changes of situation surrounding architecture, the other is the intention of how architecture should be modified. Secondly these two aspects were individually classified into several meanings. Consequently, several characteristic tendencies about "Thoughts on the Time" were founded by investigating the relationship between above two aspects.

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 This report aims to illustrate how Japanese architects extrapolated a design theme from roof garden model through analyzing text and actual composition of contemporary Japanese houses with such model as it appeared in architectural publications. Initially, two aspects of the roof garden concept were extracted from explanatory text by architect themselves, and each scheme was then subjected to a “KJ-method” analysis (originated by KAWAKITA Jiro); one is the architect's intention in adopting roof garden, the other is the architect's distinct view of the spatial character on roof garden. Secondly, the actual composition of each house was assessed with regard to vertical and horizontal positioning of the roof garden. Finally, the mediation between each architect's thinking and the final composition has been plotted in terms of this dual classification.

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The aim of this report is to illustrate how contemporary Japanese architects think of commercial buildings in the city, through studying their published articles after World War II. Firstly, the contents of each article were considered and some descriptions about the exterior expression of building were extracted. Then, these descriptions were abstracted into two different levels; what the concept and how they represent the exterior expression of building. Secondly, the meaning of concept was analyzed by applying the KJ method. After that those meanings were divided, from a viewpoint of vector in the concept, into two different types; from city to building and from building to city. Thirdly, the representation for exterior expression of building was classified into three types; skin, volume, and space. Consequently, a relationship between the concept for city and the representation of exterior expression of building was found.

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