The primary concern of this paper is to clarify the causes and background of "Nishi Hongwanji Gejo Ikken" in 1690. I use three research methods. Firstly, I examine the relation of the Buketenso (CHIGUSA Arikore and YANAGIHARA Sukekado) and the Giso (KAJUJI Tuneyoshi). Secondly, I consider the position of the Nishi Hongwanji Temple at the Tenno and his court in the early period of the early modern times. Thirdly, I examine meaning of "Tyokusyo". The main findings of this paper are as follows. 1. There was the discord between the Buketenso (CHIGUSA Arikore and YANAGIHARA Sukekado) who gave the Nishi Hongwanji Temple's will to the Tenno and the Giso (KAJUJI Tuneyoshi) who gave the Higashi Hongwanji Temple's one. 2. The position of the Nishi Hongwanji Temple at the Tenno and his court was not high in the early period of the early modern times. 3. "Tyokusyo" symbolized the authority of the Tenno and his court, so the Nishi Hongwanji Temple made use of it to get the authority of the Tenno and his court.

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In Genroku and Houei period, the zone of noble village gradually expanded, because the noble lands increased on the area that was adjacent to the south of "Tsuiji-no-uchi" area, and some vacant areas were created around "Tsuiji-no-uchi" area to provide against the fire. But only at "Tera-machi"and "Ura-tera-machi", adjacent to the east of "Tsuiji-no-uchi" area, noble lands didn't increased. In the meantime, through the 17th the number of nobility who lived in townsman land increased. So shogunate stepped out effort to know the address of them under the request of urban administration in Genroku period. But at the background of this measure, there was the aim to correct the moral of nobility, because of depravity of noble community.

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This article deals with the institution of the retired emperor from the mid-17th century on and its organizational characteristics. The author first focuses on the rotation of aristocrats attending the emperor at his retirement palace at Sakuramachi-Dono, examining the cases of Emperor Go-Mizuno and Reigen, tracing the division and integration of the duties involved and finally the formation of a system for communications, household administration and staffing. The most significant development in this process occurred in 1687 upon the retirement of Emperor Reigen, when the duties of the post of imperial secretary (giso 議奏), who up until that time had served both the enthroned and retired emperors, was divided into a giso serving the former and an indenso 院伝奏 for the latter. The author then examines Ret. Empress Meisho from the standpoint of staff salaries, concluding that the fact that the Empress was kin to the Tokugawa Shogunate led to her denso having special privileges, which were incorporated into the system organized under Reigen and thus applied to all denso from that time on. Next, the incorporation of organization aspects of Reigen's household into the emperor's palace operations is discussed in order to clarify the presence of assistants to the denso, called yoninshu 四人衆 in the Reigen household, posts that were not made a permanent part of the retired emperor's operations thereafter and whose duties remained undefined. The author concludes that although the retired emperor's household administration system did incorporate some of the aspects of the Gomizuno and Meisho retirements, the Reigen household was organized independently of the reigning emperor. While the retired emperor exerted a great deal of influence in late premodern Japanease court, with the revival of enthronement of a successor before the previous emperors death, the way in which the retired emperor's household was managed did not resemble the "Insei" 院政 institutions set up during the late eleventh century.

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At the beginning of the 18th century, the town area of Kyoto was almost burned down by the big fire. On the reconstruction of the town area, the noble village was reorganized by the shogunate to provide against the fire. In particular, streets within the noble village were widened and vacant areas were created around the "Tsuiji-no-uchi" to check the spread of fire. To make these changes possible, the shogunate seized portions of noble residential lands then reallocated to the affected nobles lands that were located south of the imperial palace. One of the results of these changes was the significant southward expansion of the "Tsuiji-no-uchi".

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