本研究では,笠間稲荷神社(茨城県笠間市)の信仰者の分布から,信仰圏の範囲を画定し,信仰圏の地域区分を行なった.分布の指標には,昇殿祈願者(講社および篤信崇敬者),産物献納者,,分霊勧請者の3つを用いた.
その結果,笠間稲荷からの距離に応じて,笠間稲荷信仰圏は,(1)産物献納者の分布が卓越し,農耕に恵みを与える生産神としての信仰を集める第1次信仰圏(0～50km圏),(2)各指標とも分布が密であり,・とくに講:社の成立と分霊勧請者の分布の中心域で,、笠間稲荷信仰の核心地域といえる第2次信仰圏(50～150km圏),(3)講社,分霊勧請者とも分布が分散的となり,笠間稲荷信仰の外縁地域となる第3次信仰圏(150～800km圏)の3つに地域区分ができることが明らかとなった.
また笠間稲荷信仰圏の場合,信仰の広がりには,神社の西部から南東部にかけてのセクター性もみられ,笠間稲荷信仰圏が,信仰拠点を中心とする圏構造ではなく,第2次信仰圏に信仰者の分布の中核のあるドーナツ型を呈していることがわかった.

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Whenever the Tokugawa Bakufu dispatched a newly appointed governor of Kyoto (Shoshidai 所司代) to administer the Kinai region, he would be accompanied by one of the Bakufu's senior councillors (roju 老中), a practice known a hikiwatashi jokyo 引渡上京 (lit. presentation at the capital). This practice found its roots in the original ceremony regarding shoshidai succession, which involved the presentation of a document sealed in vermillion by a senior councillor to the newly appointed governor. Originally, on the occasion of a change of appointee, the newly appointed shoshidai would arrive in Kyoto, while his predecessor was still in residence and go through a short period of transition. The practice of hikiwatashi jokyo then evolved along with a diminution in the power and authority of the office of shoshidai that occurred between the Tenna and Kyoho eras (1681-1736), and became the established precedent as the result of negotiations with the imperial court in 1717 and 1726. As hikiwatashi jokyo took root, it gradually developed into a merely formalized ritual, leading the Bakufu to ultimately decide that it was no longer necessary, resulting in its disappearance in 1806. However, the fact of senior councillors visiting Kyoto was still a practice deemed worthy by the Bakufu for such reasons as impressing upon the people of the Kinai the authority of the Shogunate in Edo. For example, the arrival of senior councillor Matsudaira Noriyasu in the capital during 1850 was met with a report presented to him by the Bakufu's Kyoto town functionary (machi bugyo 町奉行) containing information on the local economy and evaluations of the capital's aristocratic families, which the Bakufu utilized in its policy-making decisions. Moreover, the imperial court took the opportunity of Matsudaira's visit to press it views on the necessity of strengthening the country's coastal and maritime defences. It was in 1857 that the arrival of United States consul general Townsend Harris was announced to the imperial court by senior councillor Wakisaka Yasunori during a hikiwatashi mission. This last example demonstrates that during the last decades of Bakufu governance, characterized by increasing international tension and a rise in the importance of the imperial court, the practice of hikiwatashi jokyo was revived as a means of conducting negotiations with the Emperors.

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