The purpose of this paper is laying the foundation of a study for Ujiko-iki area in the city which has been hardly researched. A term 'Ujiko-iki' means a territory where Ujiko, which means a worshiper to a specific Shinto shrine, live around the Shinto shrine. Ujiko-iki area is very important for research of urban history in comprising the most basically part of the city. In 2005 Hirohisa Ito restored Ujiko-iki area in the Edo and described the change of distribution of town of Ujiko. However, the definition of Ujiko-iki area and the process setting boundaries of Ujiko-iki area was not revealed. In this paper Ujiko-iki area in Tokyo in 1872 is restored to grasp the whole image of Ujiko-iki area in the beginning of the Meiji period.
In the chapter 2, it is described that Ujiko-iki area had drastically changed by constructing a new shrine system of the Meiji period. Especially two proclamations, ‘Gosha precepts’ and ‘Ujiko shirabe system’ mainly regulate Ujiko-iki area after the Meiji Restoration. With ‘Gosha precepts’ shrines and priests nationwide graded in accordance and all land distributed to each Ujiko-iki area belonging to any Shinto shrine. On the other hand, ‘Ujiko shirabe system’ was enacted as a law to assist the Family Registration Law of 1871, and indicated that the whole nation became Ujiko of any shrines based on ‘Gosha precepts’ As a result, Ujiko-iki area of the Meiji period, which was mostly different from it in the Edo period, was as a territory deeply related to the administration.
In the chapter 3, the Ujiko-iki area in Tokyo in the beginning Meiji period 1872 is restored by identifying town names of Ujiko in historical materials on a map of the day. To compare Ujiko-iki area of the Edo period with Ujiko-iki area of the Meiji period, it is found out that there were two significant differences between two ages. Firstly, in the Edo period Ujiko-iki spread in a mosaic pattern along the townsmen district (Not all town of townsmen district became Ujiko). However, in the Meiji period it was reorganized to suitably divide the rest land in the each part. It was reason that territories of samurai, temples and shrines were abolish by Agechi-rei issued in the beginning of the Meiji period. Secondly, in the Edo period many towns were responsible for festival as Ujiko of two or three shrines, mostly towns corresponded to just one shrine in the Meiji period.
Therefore, it is revealed how ‘Gosha precepts’ adopted Ujiko-iki area in Tokyo which was largest city in Japan in the beginning of the Meiji period. Most Ujiko-iki area in Tokyo were divided regardless of the family register district. The change of the number of shrines of each shrine ranking in each Daiku indicated that shrines were arbitrarily classified as each shrine ranking according to administrative necessities. Therefore, there were words 'Kizoku', which meant belonging, in the shrine register of 1872. This word indicated the relationships between village shrines and township shrines or unranked shrines, or township shrines and unranked shrines. But, this word 'Kizoku' was not used to prefectural shrines. On the other hand, the organization called 'Kumiai' was established in 1873. This was a pyramided organization laying prefectural shrines on the top in order to improve efficiency in delivering administrative orders. It can be pointed out that the territories of 'Kumiai' were similar to the areas of Daiku.
The following is a summary of the above. After the Meiji Restoration, Ujiko-iki area drastically varied its form. Then it was gradually transformed for the shrine administration while leaving the former locality.
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