Between 1975 and 1984,47 patients (males: females =26: 21) were hospitalized for the treatment of airway and esophageal foreign bodies.
Foreign bodies were found in the airway of 17 (m ales: females = -10: 7) patients and in the esophagus of 30 (males: females =15: 15) patients.
Thirteen of the patients with airway foreign bodie s, were one-year-old babies, and the oldest patient was a six-year-old male.
In eight of the 17 cases (47%), peanu t s were found. Radiopaque foreign bodies were found in 16 cases (94%). The obstruction was found in the right bronchi in 12of the 17 patients (71%), in the left bronchi in 3 and in the larynx in 1.
Among the patients with esophageal foreign bodies, coins were found in ten children 33% under 10 years of age, and dental prosthesis were found in seven adults (23%). The obstruction was found at the first constriction in 21 patients (70%), seven cases at the second constriction in 7 (23%), and at the third constriction and stomach in one patient each. The findings indicate the importance of preventing airway foreign bodies in the infants.

抄録全体を表示

Sixty-four cases of foreign bodies in the esophagus treated at the otorhinolaryngological clinic of Osaka Medical College, during the period from 1972 to 1977 were studied statistically.
The results were as follows:
1) The incidence of foreign bodies in the esophagus was highest in 1974 (19 cases) and decreased substantially thereafter.
2) Almost half of the patients were infants, with a high incidence in those aged 1 (12 cases) and 2 (14 cases).
3) Of the 64 cases, 43 were males and 21 were females, that is, the incidence was about twice as high in the males. The sex difference in incidence was observed more dominantly in children under 10 years old.
4) Fifty-eight percent of the foreign bodies were coins; 24 out of 37 were 10-Yen coins.
5) About 60% of the foreign bodies were located atthe first constriction of the esophagus.
6) Dental prosthesis was the most difficult of all types of foreign bodies to remove. Since the use of dental prosthesis has become more common even in the younger generation, the number of cases with detal prosthesis is increasing. The authors emphasized that improvements are necessary in the method of removing dental prosthesis foreign bodies.

抄録全体を表示

Statistical observation on the cases of foreign bodies handled in our clinic during the period from 1956 through 1965 was performed.
The results were as follows.
1. 1, 043 cases (approximately 1%) out of 108, 760 patients treated in our ear, nose and throat clinic during last 10 years, were recognized as the foreign bodies.
2. The locations of the foreign bodies were as follows: 507 cases in esophagus (50% of all foreign bodies), 177 cases in pharynx (17%), 170 cases in gastrointestinal tracts (16%), 63 cases in larynx, trachea and bronchus (6%), 87 cases in ear (8%), 41 cases in nose (4%) and 2 cases in maxillary sinus.
3, More than 50% of the foreign bodies were found in infants and were found to be coins in esophagus.
It is important to discuss about the cases of coins in esophagus as well as beans in bronchus of the infants.
4. 365 cases (72%) of 507 cases in esophagus were coins which were lodged at the entrance of esophagus. Fish bones, artificial dentures and pieces of meat were seen in the second strictures as much as in the first strictures.
124 (90%) of 138 foreign bodies found in mesopharynx were fish bones and more than 50% of them were found within the palatine tonsil.
Foreign bodies in bronchus were seen in 48 cases, which were almost lodged at the area of carina.
Insects were most common among the foreign bodies of ear canals and often cause otitis media.
5. The removal of foreign bodies in about 75% of total cases was performed by means of Endoscopy. Foreign bodies were removed via the external esophagotomy approach in 5 cases and via the tracheotomy approach in 13 cases.
6. The complications of foreign bodies in esophagus were periesophageal abscess in 6 cases and in death in 2 cases. Especially in infant, there were 11 cases diagnosed as other respiratory diseases than foreign bodies by the pediatrist and 3 cases suffocated to death. The foreign bodies in these cases were found by the bronchoesopha-gologist.
7. The authors reported the statistics of foreign bodies, treated in our clinic during the period of 1936-1965.

抄録全体を表示

A survey of the current status of the treatment of jaw deformity in Japan was carried out. Cards requesting participation in the survey were sent to the members of the Japanese Society for Jaw Deformities and 189 facilities (89 clinics of oral and maxillofacial surgery, three clinics of plastic surgery and 97 clinics of orthodontics) answered the questionnaire on the homepage of the Japanese Society for Jaw Deformities. The number of patients who received orthognathic surgeries for jaw deformities between April 2006 and March 2007 in 92 clinics of oral and maxillofacial surgery or plastic surgery was 2926. Regarding the clinical diagnosis, the number of patients with mandibular protrusion with/without open bite and/or asymmetry was 1977 accounting for 68% of all patients. Regarding surgical techniques, bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO; 2069 cases) was most frequent, accounting for 71%, followed by Le Fort I osteotomy in 787 cases (27%). Intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy, alveolar osteotomy, genioplasty, distraction osteogenesis and other surgical types were applied in 370 cases (13%), 191 cases (7%), 318 cases (11%), 77 cases (2.6%) and 77 cases (2.6%), respectively. Rigid or semi-rigid osteosynthesis systems were used in almost all facilities. The average duration of preoperative orthodontic treatment in non-extraction cases and extraction cases was 13 and 18 months, respectively, and the average duration of postoperative orthodontic treatment was 11 months. The average operation time was 163 minutes and the amount of bleeding was 203ml in BSSO, and those in two-jaw surgery were 285 minutes and 512 ml, respectively. There was a significant correlation between operation time and blood loss in BSSO and two-jaw surgery. The average durations of hospital stay in mandibular osteotomy cases and in two-jaw surgery cases was 15 and 17 days, respectively. Intermaxillary fixations in cases using a metal osteosynthesis system and those using a bioresorbable osteosynthesis system were done in 67 and 29 clinics, respectively, and the respective average duration of intermaxillary fixations was 10 and 11 days. This study revealed the current status of treatment of jaw deformity in Japan.

抄録全体を表示