週刊誌の皇室報道が一般紙では，伝統的な皇室像からの逸脱を批判するが，女性誌ではホームドラマとしての皇室を描くという違いがあるかを検証した．2013年1月から7月までの週刊誌9誌（一般誌6誌，女性誌3誌）の皇室記事と写真を対象として，量的な内容分析を行った．その結果，サブテーマの頻度と扱いに若干の違いはあったが，全体的な傾向からは，女性誌と一般誌の皇室報道に伝統規範―家族という違いは見られなかった．

本稿の目的は, 枢密院が自らの組織をどのように 「運用」 し, それらに内閣などがいかに対応してきたのかを, 明治期からの枢密院の憲法解釈と顧問官統制に着目して論じ, 昭和初期に枢密院が 「政治化」 した歴史的背景を考察することである。

　本稿は第1に, 昭和初期, 二大政党が議会回避を試み, 枢密院と対立を深めた背景には, 緊急勅令の先例や憲法解釈の曖昧さと二大政党の枢密院に対する戦略の相違が存在したことを指摘した。第2に, 倉富議長・平沼副議長は枢密院の運用にあたり枢密院の権限及び厳格な法令審査を維持し, 職権, 先例を踏まえて意思決定を行ったが, 両者は顧問官統制の失敗により予想外の紛糾を招き, 両者による枢密院の運用が大きく動揺したことを指摘した。

　結論として, 昭和初期, 枢密院と政党内閣が対立を深めた背景には, ①枢密院と二大政党の憲法解釈をめぐる攻防の顕在化, ②枢密院内部の統制難, という枢密院内外の問題が存在し, それらが絡み合っていたことを明らかにした。

As we saw in the enthronement ceremony in 2019 as well as the abdication message of the Emperor (now Emeritus) in 2016, the phrase “always staying together with the people” is characteristic of the Japanese constitutional system called symbolic monarchy. But we must be careful in interpreting what that phrase really means to the Emperor system in Japan.

This paper will discuss this phrase in reference to the change in the British constitutional monarchy, partly because the British monarchy was and has been an ideal or model for the Japanese symbolic monarchy after 1945, and partly because both Emperors, Hirohito and Akihito, once confessed that they had been influenced by the British constitutional monarchy, particularly that of King George V (1910-1938). The important point is what types of monarchy George V had inherited under a constitutionally organized government from his father, Edward VII (1901-1910).

In Britain, the phrase “staying together with the people” or “sympathy to the people” became widely applied to the monarchy during the reign of Queen Victoria (1837-1901), especially after the mid 1870s. This is usually discussed in relation to the idea of “the invention of tradition”, represented by the Golden (1887) and Diamond Jubilee (1897) of Queen Victoria. But the critical moment resulting in “the invention of tradition” and changing the essence of the monarchy, was during the 1860s, when the British monarchy lost one future that might have existed by the sudden death of the Queenʼs beloved husband, Prince Albert, and the Queenʼs withdrawal from public life to mourn him. This period led Walter Bagehot to write his farsighted essay on monarchy which was to be collected in his famous book, the English Constitution (1867). In addition, the peopleʼs feeling towards the monarchy also dramatically changed at that time. Since then, the importance of the monarchʼs popularity, as well as the sympathy between a monarch and the people, has grown.

The monarchy the two Japanese Crown Princes observed while they visited Britain, in 1921 and 1953 respectively, and thought ideal under the new Japanese Constitution when they were Emperors, had been the one personalized and de-masculinized, even if we do not call it “feminization of the monarchy”.