In the mineral resources of Manchuria, the greatest interest is centred on the placer gold of North Manchuria (Heilungkiang and Kirin prov.) and the mountain gold of Jehol prov.
Placers in Heilungkiang prov. are situated in the regions of the Great and Small Hingan mountains with their centre located at Ta-hei-ho (Sakhalin). The total sum of the annual gross yields of placer gold since 1875 has been valued at 110, 000, 000 Yen, and especially in gold productions, no other provinces among Manchuria and China exceed Heilungkiang prov., which is called Huang-chin-shih-chieh (El Dorado) or Ch'ancchin-kuo (Gold field) by both nations. There are many famous placer workings of gold mining companies or the government, which are known as “Chin-ch'ang.”
i) On the western and northern foot-hills of the Great Hingan range, the basin watered by the right tributaries of the Argun, -Chi-la-lin-chin-ch'ang, Am-p'i-ku-chinch'ang, Pei-tzil-ho-chin-ch'ang, Ch'i-ko-tan-chin-ch'ang, Wu-ma-chin-ch'ang, Ch'i-kanochin-ch'ang, and again, the right tributaries falling into the Amur, -Mo-ho-chin-ch'ang. Also on the N.E and S.W. slopes of Il-Huri-Aline highlands, -Hu-ma-chin-ch`ang, Ytich'ing-chin-ch`ang, K`uan-ho-chin-ch`ang, Feng-yiian-chin-ch'ang.
ii) On the south-eastern and eastern foot-hills of the Great Hingan mountains, -Hsing-an-chin-ch'ang is situated in the basin of the upper reaches of the Ni-ch'iu-hoand of its tributaries, and the former falls on the right into Men-lu-ho, which falls from the left into the Nonni. Especially the region situated on the eastern foot-hills has a bright future.
iii) On the north-eastern slope of the Small Hingan range, -Kan-tu-chin- ch'ang, Wu-t'ung-ho-chin-ch'ang. These vicinities are the regions o great promise.
Kirin prov. has been well known by the rich productions of placer and mountain gold. Especially the virgin field, occupying the north of the Chinese Eastern Railway, has yielded abundantly the placer gold from the following mines:-San-hsingchin-ch'ang, Hsing-lung-kou-chin-ch'ang, Chiu-p'i-kou-chin-ch'ang, Wu-hu-lin-chinch'ang, Liang-shui-ch'üan-tsu-chin-ch'ang, Sui-feng-chin-ch'ang. The latter three mines among them lie nearly alongside the Chinese Eastern Railway, and once operated only a few of the mountain gold with placers. In the Chien-tao region extending over the catchment area of the Pu-men-chiang, moreover the mountain gold with placers has been operated in the Tung-kou-chin-ch`ang (Hun-ch'un-hsien) and the Po-ko-la-tzu-chinch'ang (Yen-chi-hsien), and was once operated in the Feng-mi-kou-chin-ch`ang (Hailung-hsien). To find out the mountain gold deposits, however, is provided with some obstacles. The thick coverings of sub-soil and exuberant vegetations, and the hardness of mother rocks, have kept most of these deposits intact up to the present day. Otherwise, there are cases where we are not hindered from discovering them, and rarely a rich are deposit is blundered upon, then is managed to work the same and to extract the gold. This instance may be exemplified by the chia-p'i-kou-chin-ch`ang (Hua-tienhsien), which is the most celebrated mountain gold mine in the whole Manchuria, and is situated in the eastern upper reaches of the Sungari, and has been exploited for more than two centuries. This vast region with its centre located at Chia-p`i-kou, is situated on the right river bank of the eastern upper reaches of the Sungari, and once was possibly the richest gold field by referring to the yield number and areas of the gold placers.
Judging from our present knowledge of North Manchuria, it seems to be devided in two mining districts of the northern and southern by the Chinese Eastern Railway, and in the northern district the placer gold ipimpdiatelv has to be worked, while in the southern district the mountain gold chiefly has to be.

抄録全体を表示