The influence of thioctic acid on fatigue was studied, using 41 male employees as the subjects. The flicker value, the threshold of patellar reflex and the reaction time to light were measured on 7 consecutive work days. The acid, 20 mg. a 〓y, was given to each of the nearly half of the subjects, while to the rest members placeboes were given. The means, caluculated from each set of observations, showed the following trends: 1. Flicker value. The acid was able to chek the daily lowering, which happens unavoidably under usual state, and there was on the whole a sign of lesser diurnal lowerings. 2. Patellar reflex. The threshold of the reflex showed similar effects like those seen in the flicker value. 3. Reaction time to light. The effects of the acid administration were very much obscure; yet one perceives an improvement of the reaction on the administered group. 4. For those subjects working the night shift the effects were remarkable. One may conclude from these observations that thioctic acid is effective to prevent fatigue, notably of the cumulative form.

抄録全体を表示

Since the establishment of record industry in Japan, the production of music culture was led by record companies and actual production of recorded music has exclusively been in their hands. However, such dominance did not last long. Other companies started producing recorded music by themselves in '60s. Those are artist management companies and music publishing companies. This phenomenon could be identified as diversification of music production function and should be regarded as restructuring of the record industry infrastructure. This paper aims to clarify why and how it happened, and what influence it may have to the music industry in future.

抄録全体を表示

かつて，日本のポピュラー音楽誌は「文化の波打ち際」を端的に表出するメディアであった．そしてそれらは，現在に至る日本のサブカルチャーの特異性のルーツを表す媒体でもあった．本報告では，『ミュージック・ライフ』（1951年リニューアル創刊），『ニューミュージック・マガジン』（1969年創刊），『ロッキング・オン』（1972年創刊）という主要３誌の登場と同時代の出版産業，音楽産業の変容を軸にして，〈他者〉としてのアメリカの受容の変遷について考察する．

抄録全体を表示

The purpose of this study was to quantify the systematic and random errors by manual measurement with a use of stopwatch in 50 m sprint test. Eight sprinters implemented 16 trials of 50 m sprint tests over days, respectively (a total of 128 times of tests were conducted). Eight examiners measured sprint times with their stopwatches every set, and in total 1014 of results could be successfully obtained. Concurrently, the video-based sprint time measurements were carried out in order to obtain the true values of the 128 trials of sprints. The systematic error was defined as the mean difference between the true values (videobased measurements) and the manual values (stopwatch measurements), and the random error as the averaged standard deviations of each error within respective subjects. As results, the systematic error was estimated at -0.27 s and the random error was estimated at 0.07 s. The findings of this study suggest that sprint tests with a stopwatch be assessed, taking the systematic and random errors quantified in this study into consideration.

抄録全体を表示

模型的実験により視覚及び聴覚反応時間を測定し, ランニング記録の計時誤差を検討した。
1.スタートの合図にピストルの閃光を用いた場合には平均150msec程度の遅れを生ずる。
2.ピストルの煙をスタートの合図とすると140乃至260msecと非常に広い範囲で遅延が認められる。 (これは雷管紙の不均一なことと気象条件の差によつて煙の発生が一定でないことに起因すると考えられる。)
3.スターターと計時員との距離が接近すると, 計時員がピストルの爆発音によつて反応する可能性がある。
4.ゴールに於ける誤差はスタートのそれに比して遥かに小さく, 且つゴールイン以前に時計を停止する事がしばしばあり, 走者と計時員との距離が多少変つても反応時間には認むべき差がない。
5.計時誤差のうち, 大きな部分を占めるのはスタートの誤差であり, これとゴールに於ける誤差との組合せ如何によつて綜合誤差は減殺され, 或は増大するが, 計時誤差が全く0となることは偶然以外には存在しないと云える。
6.現在公表されているランニング記録は真の記録より0.1乃至0.2秒, 時には0.3秒短かい値と考えられる。
7.公認審判員と他の被検者との間には何等差異を認めなかつた。

抄録全体を表示