この研究は，66名の女子大学生を対象にヨーガの実践の授業を行い，その効果の有効性をテキストマイニング法によって検証するものである。

授業では，ヨーガの目的である心と身体の統合状態を目指した。そのため，アーサナの練習だけでなく，根本経典『ヨーガ・スートラ』の学習も併せて行い，自らの心や身体と向き合い，心と身体の関係について理解を深める指導を行った。そして，授業を通して感じたことを3つの質問（①「あなたにとって『心』とはどういうものですか？」，②「あなたにとって『身体』とはどういうものですか？」，③「あなたにとって『心』と『身体』はどのような関係ですか？」）に沿って4回回答させ，その記述の推移をKH Coderによって検証した。

その結果，それまで受講生たちが抱えていたストレスや不調の大幅な改善は見られなかった。しかし，具体的な記述の分析により，自己肯定感が向上し，心身の不調を主体的に改善しようとする意欲が高まったことが明らかとなった。そして，授業内だけでなく，日常生活における意識の変化が見られた。また，深い呼吸が心と身体のつながりを実感させる大きな要因となることが分かった。

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本論文の目的は、ヨガにおける身体的実践の意味について、マレーシア社会での指導実践を事例に検討することである。ヨガと健康の関係をめぐる先行研究では、思想的側面と実践的側面がそれぞれに議論されてきたが、両者の関係は十分に論じられていない。そこで本研究では、社会学的視点から相互行為としての指導実践に着目し、ヨガの思想と実践のつながりと、その健康との関わりを考察する。本稿の分析には、2017年よりマレーシアのクアラルンプールで断続的に行った参与観察の記録を用いる。本調査の知見は主として2つある。第一に、ヨガでは意識が重視されるため、身体的な実践が生物学的次元から認識的次元まで複層的な意味をもつ。第二に、指導者の言語的実践によって、生徒はヨガの実践を介して自らの身体認識を調整していく。これらの結果をふまえた今後の課題は、身体技法論と医療社会学を架橋し、個人の自律的健康形成を理論的に分析することである。

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This article intends to describe the contemporary dynamic situation of Yoga as a new “fitness” under the conditions of globalization, based on case studies in modern India. Particular attention will be paid to the question of how Yoga is relished and consumed by different people in different contexts, such as urban, rural, tourist spots and ascetic training places, called ashrams in modern society. Yoga, which was originally an ascetic training, including deeply religious ideas and practices, regards the body as a miniature version of the universe. Throughout its long history, Yoga training has tried to unite this universe by controlling the body.
Even though Yoga was introduced to the Western world in connection with the counter-cultural movement, during the 1970's, its practice had been mostly confined to the Indian subcontinent. However, since the 1990's, people from Hollywood and the fashion industry, i.e. those who are the trendsetters in the world, have begun to give themselves up to Yoga. At the same time, there has been a general increase in the attention being paid to health and nature in the West. This has made Yoga popular as a 'new' fitness and its practice has spread dramatically all over the world. Today, due to the global Yoga boom, Yoga has been brought back from the West to India, where it has been reevaluated as the latest fitness trend. Consequently, it is now becoming popular in modern Indian society. An example of this popularity is the number of fitness clubs which have been established in urban areas, and whose Yoga classes are some of the most popular among many others. Furthermore, some Yoga journals, which are published in the West, are now available in bookshops, and many icons based on Yoga have been used for advertising in the commercial market. In addition, a Yoga camp organized by some religious leaders and held in a stadium attracts thousands of participants. At the same time, many yoga practitioners from around world come to India to learn Yoga deeply, under a Yoga Master, so as to obtain a Yoga teacher's license.
This article will examine the flourishing movement of Yoga as a case study in the global flow of culture in multiple contexts in modern Indian society. The aim of this paper is, firstly, through a description of how local people enjoy and consume Yoga in urban areas, to deconstruct the monolithic image of the relationship between India and Yoga and to illuminate the flourishing of Yoga in modern Indian society, on the horizon of global movements. Secondly, with special attention to the enjoyment of Yoga in rural society and at tourist spots, this paper will clearly point out the situation of Yoga being enjoyed as a health practice and consumable good. Thirdly, while Yoga business and industry in post-industrial societies, including Japan, began to emphasize the connection of Yoga to India in terms of 'authenticity' and 'legitimacy', this paper will explore how Yoga is taught to the foreigners who take a Yoga teacher-training course at one of the most influential and popular yoga ashrams in India, namely Sivananda Yoga Vedanta Ashram, and how they enjoy the way of learning yoga and its process.

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