Ninjun was a granduncle of the great revolutionist Shinsaku . Because Heibei Tagami adopted Ninjun as his heir, however, his final name was Uheida Tagami. In the late period of Edo era, Uheida was one of the advanced scholars of the Dutch language in Choshu which had a very progressive Daimyo. He translated many Dutch military books, mainly concerned with modern artillery, and introduced modern technologies to the Shogunate and his home province of Choshu. His translations played an important part in the period of the Meiji Restoration; however, his life and work have not been fully studied or recognized yet. In this article, his life will be reviewed and his achievement in Meiji Restoration will be discussed based on a recently discovered translation by him of an artillery book.
In 1817, Uheida was born as the third son of Kozaemon who was great grandfather of Shinsaku in Hagi the capital of Choshu. Details of his younger days are not cleared. At first, he entered the Meirin-kan, the academy of Choshu. He studied conventional Japanese curriculums in this school. Then he went to Nagasaki and studied the fundamentals of the Dutch language and artillery. When he was 30 years old (1847), he went to Edo, the capital of old Japan and was admitted into the private school of Genboku Ito who was one of the most famous Dutch-style medical doctors of that period. In this school, many students gathered and studied the Dutch language. In a short time he became the supervisor of students instead of his teacher Genboku, because his ability to understand the Dutch language in the area of military technology was on a par with his teacher Genboku. He translated many Dutch military books for the Shogunate and for Daimyo Nabeshima of Saga. “The Shore artillery defence” is the only work of his which still remains. We found it at Nagasaki Library's Aokata-Bunko. He finished this work in August, 1849. This book was not just a simple translation of one Dutch textbook. In this textbook, he introduced four modern Dutch military textbooks, and explained the defence method of sea shore by artillery. We can imagine that when Nabeshima the Daimyo of Saga constructed his artillery bases on Saga shore, this work of Uheida was very useful to him.
In 1851, Uheida came back to his home province Choshu. In this time, the pressures to reopen Japan to foreign countries became greater. Finaly, through American navy admiral Matthew C. Perry this happened in 1854. After this time Japan experienced a great revolutionary period. As Choshu was a hotbed for revolutionary activity against the centralized federal Shogunate, Uheida acted as a modern millitary specialist at Choshu. He introduced modern Western style technologies to Choshu's military preparation. Unfortunately he did not see much of the results of the Restoration, because he died in 1869, the second year of new Meiji Era.
Uheida Tagami is not too famous as a Western-style Dutch scholar of late Edo period. His period of Dutch scholarship was short : however, he acted as a military specialist and made his mark upon the war between the Shogunate and Choshu, or new Meiji government.

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The effects of grain size and temperature on environmental embrittlement of an L1₂-type Ni₃(Si, Ti) ordered alloy were investigated as a function of strain rate by tensile tests and scanning electron microscope fractography. Irrespective of grain size and temperature, ductile-brittle transition (DBT) occurred when the strain rate decreased. Corresponding to the DBT, fracture surfaces changed from transgranular to intergranular fracture. DBT of a coarse-grained material occurred in a higher strain rate region than that of a fine-grained material. DBT of materials deformed at 423 K occurred in a lower strain rate region than that of materials deformed at room temperature. In a very low strain rate region, an anomalous increase of tensile elongation was observed for a fine-grained material deformed at 423 K.

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Aerobic oxidation of triose reductone is catalyzed by the crystalline turnip peroxidase. The reaction is composed of the two successive reactions similarly as reported by Chance with aerobic oxidation of dihydroxymaleic acid by the horse-radish peroxidase.
The presence of a trace amount of H₂O₂ is indispensable to the first oxidative reaction and Mn^_??_ does not play any essential role in this reaction.
Other heavy metals such as Cu^_??_ and Hg^_??_ have a very interesting effect on the reaction.
Our thanks are due to Prof. for generous advices.

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The vaginal epithelium of 'normal' ovariectomized adult mice of the C57 Black/MS strain was strongly mucified following 10 daily injections of 1mg progesterone. In vaginae showing estrogen-independent proliferation and cornification of the epithelium of 50% of ovariectomized adult mice given neonatal injections of 20μg estradiol-17β for 10 days, the cornification was not affected by 10 daily injections of 1mg progesterone, although it was totally inhibited or intermittently interrupted by progesterone injections in the rest of animals. The vaginal epithelium was seldom mucified. In estrogenized ovariectomized mice receiving two series of 10 daily injections of progesterone at an interval, vaginal smears were similar in type during the first and second injection periods. In contrast to this, vaginal response to the second series progesterone injections was different from that to the first in 35% of mice given vaginal instillations of 0.1% croton oil for 10 days following the first series injections. Cell populations of the epithelium may be qualitatively altered in inflamed vaginae of neonatally estrogenized mice.

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In order to clarify the role of histamine in the neuro-humoral excitatory mechanism in the stomach, the effect of cepharanthine (an inhibitory agent of histamine release from mast cells) on excitatory response of gastric movement and increase in gastric mucosal histamine content caused by nerve stimulation (vagus and splanchnic nerves) or administration of tetragastrin were investigated in dogs. The animals were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium and immobilized with gallamine triethiodide. The following results were obtained.
Increase of gastric mucosal histamine content caused by vagal and splanchnic nerve stimulation and administration of tetragastrin was inhibited by administration of cepharanthine. Cepharanthine inhibited the tonic contraction of the innervated antral pouch or isolated antral circular muscle strip caused by stimulation of vagus nerve. Tonic contraction of the innervated antral pouch caused by electrical stimulation of the splanchnic nerve after nicotinization of celiac and superior mesenteric ganglia was inhibited by administration of cepharanthine. Cepharanthine inhibited motor excitatory response of the denervated corpus pouch caused by stimulation of vagus and splanchnic nerves and by administration of tetragastrin.
These results support the theory that cepharanthine inhibits the release of histamine from histamine-secreting cells in the gastric mucosa. It is suggested that histamine plays an important role in the neuro-humoral excitatory mechanism of gastric movement.

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A dual two-phase Ni₃Al-Ni₃V intermetallic alloy with a nominal composition of Ni_75.0Al_7.5V_15.0Nb_2.5 (at%) doped with 50 mass ppm boron was synthesized by the powder metallurgy process using elemental powders. Raw powder mixture was sintered at temperatures from 1073 K to 1373 K by the pulse current sintering method and then annealed in a vacuum at 1553 K for 3 h. The dual two-phase intermetallic alloy whose microstructure exhibits the cuboidal primary Ni₃Al phase and the surrounding channel region composed of Ni₃Al and Ni₃V phases, and contains neither voids nor intermediate products were obtained by sintering at a high temperature of 1373 K and by subsequent annealing at 1553 K. Also, the well synthesized and annealed samples showed finer grain sizes, i.e., about 30 μm than the cast alloys fabricated by the ingot metallurgy process. The hardness of the synthesized samples increased with increasing sintering temperature and also by the subsequent annealing at 1553 K.

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In 1988 we carried out a case study survey at Minamikayabe in the southern part of Hokkaido, Japan. This area is particularly interesting because of its geothermal potential. Seven control wells had been drilled prior to our operation, and also some other information has been available from other survey methods such as gravity, geology, geochemistry, DC resistivity and heat flow. Hence the area is an ideal site for a study of effectiveness of the MT method.
The study area is close to the sea and a special care for the coast effect was necessary in our interpretation. The resistivity structure which we derived was found to agree with the well logging data. In this area, the geothermal reservoir is related to a series of fracture existing in an intrusive rock body in the southeast flank of Mt. Nakitsura. The relatively conducting area in our model can be interpreted as corresponding to a fractured zone in the intrusive rock body.
Analyses of the data derived from network MT measurements, which we undertook in the present case study, clearly show that dense network measurements could resolve a spatially fine resistivity structure. In order to attain a high spatial resolution of subsurface resistivity structure in a geothermal or a volcanic area, where the subsurface structure is extremely complicated, we show that a dense network MT measurement is indispensable.

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One defect of the MT method is its poor resolution of subsurface resistivity structure. We attempted to improve this situation by carrying out spatially continuous MT measurements along a straight line crossing a target area. Here we report the results of our measurements in the Hohi Sugawara area, central Kyushu, Japan. AMT data were also acquired at all the MT sounding sites. Comparison with logging data indicates that AMT data are necessary to estimate the shallow resistivity which is important for static correction in two-dimensional modeling. Analyses of MT data revealed some anomalous areas which seem to be closely related to the geothermal reservoir structure. If we incorporate other data such as logging data for geothermal wells, gravity data, and geological data, we can infer a more detailed reservoir structure.

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In three-dimensional geologic circumstances, MT information in terms of the electric and magnetic fields themselves are more useful for subsurface conductivity imaging rather than impedance tensors. We propose a method in which MT fields at all stations can be treated, as if they were measured simultaneously. We applied the code developed for this algorithm to field data and examined its validity.
It is preferable that electric and magnetic fields are measured simultaneously at all MT sites. In practice this is almost impossible. If the magnetic field is constant everywhere at the Earth's surface, as in the case of any layered (one-dimensional) structures, or the TM-mode in a two-dimensional structure, the electric field can be obtained by simply multiplying the MT impedance by the constant magnetic field. However, the magnetic field for the TE-mode is not constant. In a more general three-dimensional structure, we can no longer expect a constant magnetic field. A practical means of obtaining the fields which we need is to set up a reference point and derive magnetic field transfer functions between the reference and each individual MT site. The magnetic fields at all the sites can then be simulated through the transfer functions thus derived. The electric field can be finally computed by multiplying the MT impedance at respective sites by the derived magnetic field. We made both the model and case studies and found that the present method works as we presumed.

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MT and AMT surveys were conducted in the Minami-Kayabe area, southern Hokkaido, over a period of about two months in the fall of 1988. In this survey, 161 sites were arranged in a square lattice shape. FFT techniques were used in the initial data processing in 1998. Here we describe improved data processing using the cascade decimation technique. Data were processed efficiently by constructing a system using coherency and remote-reference. More than 10 sets of threshold values for the coherencies of (E_x, H_y) and (E_y, H_x) were then determined. Power spectra were sorted by these threshold values and then stacked. Satisfactory results were obtained for the frequency range from 3.4 Hz to 250 Hz. At frequencies below 3.4 Hz, however, the result of cascade decimation was not satisfactory because a sufficient number of stacks could not be obtained due to high local noise and limited measurement time.

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Female mice of the C57 Black/MS strain were given subcutaneous injections of 20μg estradiol-17β in 0.02ml sesame oil for 5 days beginning at 0, 3, 5, 8, or 11 days of age and ovariectomized within a week after the last injection. In 118-day-old control mice which had received 5 daily injections of 0.02ml sesame oil from the day of birth and ovariectomized at 10 days of age, the vaginal epithelium was thin, consisting of 2 layers of cells. The vaginal epithelium of mice, 71-96 days old, which had been treated with estradiol for 5 days from 0 or 3 days of age was hyperplastic with superficial layers undergoing keratinization or parakeratosis. In mice which had received 5 daily estradiol injections from 5 or 8 days of age and sacrificed at 96-121 days of age the vaginal epithelium was composed of mucous cells. In animals given 5 estradiol injections from 11 days of age and ovariectomized at 19 days, the vaginal epithelium was similar in structure to that of oil-injected control mice.

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In 104-day-old mice of the C57 Black/MS strain which had been given 5 daily injections of 0.02ml sesame oil from the day of birth and ovariectomized 5 days after the last injection, the vaginal epithelium was atrophic, consisting of 2 layers of cells. In contrast to this, in two-thirds of 171-day-old mice which had received 5 daily injections of deoxycorticosterone acetate (20μg in 0.02ml oil) from the day of birth and ovariectomized at 9 days of age the vaginal epithelium was mucified. In animals receiving similar treatment with cortisone acetate or cholesterol, the vaginal epithelium exhibited nothing different from that of the control mice, when sacrificed at 182 and 153 days, respectively, except for marked wrinklingsof the epithelial surface.

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We have developed a new machining method which realizes turning of non-axisymmetric curved surfaces with a rotation axis (called NACS-Turning hereafter). NACS-Turning is a CNC turning method with 3-axis synchronous which is composed of a turning axis and two translation axes. This method forms a profile of a non-axisymmetric curved surface by adopting a liner motor in X axis and by synchronizing the X axis with the rotation axis at high speed. We confirmed dramatic improvement of productivity by using this machining method. However, at present, the generation of tool paths for shape forming using NACS-Turning are obtained with APIs associated with a commercial 3D-CAD program and geometric calculations. Therefore, we have developed a new CAM application for NACS-Turning in this paper. Since this machining method is three-axis simultaneous control, even though composition of the axis is the same as a general two-axis turning lathe, tool paths have to be generated in three dimensional space. Therefore, applying for a tool generation method of a machining center is required. Specifically, machining points are generated by calculating intersection lines on free surfaces as machining surfaces are calculated, and coordinates of tool center points are calculated by using the inverse offset method. In this paper, first, outline of NACS-Turning is mentioned. Next, the detail of the developed CAM system which is limited to a rotary tool. Finally, we report effectiveness by cutting experimentation.

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The effects of Si addition on the microstructures and mechanical properties of dual two-phase Ni₃Al and Ni₃V intermetallic alloys with a composition of Ni₇₅Al₉V₁₃Nb₃ (expressed by at%) were investigated, focusing on the substitution manner of Si for Ni, Al or V. Solubility limit of Si in the present microstructure was less than 2 at% Si irrespective of the substitution manner of Si for Ni, Al or V. The eutectoid microstructure in the channel region was degenerated when Si was substituted for V. Third-phase dispersions containing Nb, i.e., Ni₁₆Si₇Nb₆ (G phase: D8a) were present at grain boundaries of the alloys exceeding the solubility limit. In the alloy in which Si was substituted for Ni, unit cell volume of the constituent Ni₃Al phase increased while that of the constituent Ni₃V phase little changed. In the alloy in which Si was substituted for Al, unit cell volumes of both phases decreased. The alloys in which Si was substituted for Al or Ni hardened while the alloy in which Si was substituted for V softened. The hardening in the former alloys was attributed to solid solution hardening due to Si substituted for solvent atoms Ni, Al and/or V while the softening in the latter alloy was attributed to the degenerated eutectoid microstructure in the channel region. Also, it was shown that the third-phase dispersions little affected hardness as well as yield strength.

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