Gelsolin, an Actin Regulatory Protein, is Required for Differentiation of Mouse 3T3-L1 Cells into Adipocytes

Abstract

To elucidate molecular mechanisms of adipocyte differentiation, we previously isolated TC10-like/ TC10βLong (TCL/TC10βL), which was transiently expressed in the early phase of adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells and seemed to be a positive regulator of adipogenesis. By using TCL/TC10βL-overexpressing NIH-3T3 cells, we also isolated gelsolin as a gene whose expression was up-regulated by TCL/TC10βL. However, the roles of gelsolin in adipocyte differentiation are unclear. In this paper we characterized the function of gelsolin in adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. The level of gelsolin changed during adipocyte differentiation. Knockdown of the expression of gelsolin using RNAi inhibited adipocyte differentiation, and impaired the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) α. Interestingly, the knockdown also impaired mitotic clonal expansion (MCE), and increased cell size, though it reduced levels of C/EBPβ and C/EBPδ, markers for the early stage of adipogenesis, only slightly. Gelsolin plays a crucial role in the differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells into adipocytes.