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Chie Hotta, Jun kawaguchi
Session ID: P1-15
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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Minpei KAWAMURA, Shu MORIOKA
Session ID: P1-16
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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Recent studies of Working Memory Capacity(WMC) indicate that High-Span Subjects(HSS) are superior to Low-Span Subjects(LSS) in controlling the Cognitive Functions of attention and language. Colflesh and his colleagues (2007) state in their Dichotic Listening study that HSS are superior in Attention Control over auditory information. However, the relation between WMC and Auditory Semantic Processing Capacity(ASPC) has not been clarified. By using the meaningful and meaningless syllables, this study examines the relation in between WMC, Attention Control and ASPC in DLT. As a result, the Reaction Time(RT) to the target word among the meaningless syllables in HSS is significantly rapid compared with the RT in LSS and also the RT in HSS is significantly more rapid to the meaningless syllables than to the meaningful syllables. This result confirms the previous studies of the superiority of HSS in Cognitive Functions control and suggests the intimate relation between the individual differences in WMC and ASPC.
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Kohsuke Yamamoto
Session ID: P1-17
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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Maiko Takahashi, Akihiro Tanaka
Session ID: P1-18
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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An Investigation by Hypermnesia
Toshihiro Wakebe, Eiichiro Watamura, Michiko Tsuneoka, Yohtaro Takano
Session ID: P1-19
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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Yoshimasa MAJIMA
Session ID: P1-20
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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Tetsuya Sakai, Miho Koga, Toshiko Isarida, Takeo Isarida
Session ID: P1-21
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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A Presentation rate (4 s or 8 s per word) x Context (same or different context) between-participants design was used. Sixty-four undergraduate participants individually participated in a 20-min experiment. The participants incidentally learned 20 words in the presence of an odor randomly selected from two pair of odors (celery - apple, grapefruit - coffee), which had been selected from 17 odors by a preliminary study. Following a 5-min filled retention interval in the absence of such odor, participants unexpectedly required to free recall the encoded words orally for 60 s in the presence of either the same odor as at encoding or a different odor. Significant context-dependent free recall was found in 4-s condition but not in 8-s condition. The results were discussed in terms of adaptation and outshine hypothesis.
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NOBORU SUTO, TADASHI AOBAYASHI
Session ID: P1-22
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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We conducted an experiment to investigate recognition of Hebb 9 digit series. Each digit was presented one at a time and the duration of presentation was any one of 200, 600, or 1200ms. After the presentation of ninth digit, a probe - 3digit series - was presented to judge whether it was included in 9 digit series or not. Results showed that the hit rates of probes decreased with increased the time difference between presentation of the probe and presentation of the first digit of the probe during learning. This result conforms to the prediction of the time ratio model of serial recall in short-term memory(Brown, Neath, & Chater, 2007). Moreover, we found that hit rates raised with increased length of duration. We discuss an interaction between the time ratio and the duration.
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Yasunari SASAKI, Mika MURAO, Seiichi YAMAMOTO
Session ID: P1-23
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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This study investigated the roles of implicit memory and acoustical features on speech perception by means of changing the fundamental frequency and formant frequency of nonsense words presented in a study phase. Participants listened to clear spoken words presented from loudspeakers in the study phase and were given implicit word identification task 10 minutes after in which they identified the words degraded by background noise. The results revealed that there were significant priming effects on the identification of the nonsense words, but the changes of acoustical parameters between the study and test phases produced impairments of the auditory priming. It indicates that acoustic properties such as sound patterns of the words or speaker's characteristics of the speech sounds played critical roles in auditory priming. The findings suggest that implicit memory would involve in language acquisition and contribute to speech perception on our communication in daily life.
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Satoru Suto, Takatsune Kumada
Session ID: P1-24
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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Several evidences revealed that visuo-spatial working memory related to some cognitive performance. In this study, we examined effect of display size on performance of visuo-spatial working memory task for young and older participants.
In Experiment 1, we examine the age difference of the effects of stimuli size on the same normal size monitor for spatial working memory. In Experiment 2, we examine the age differences of the effects of display size using the large and the small monitor for spatial working memory.
Experiment 1 suggested that the recall performance of the small stimuli condition was higher than the large stimuli condition among young participants. In older participants, there were no effects of stimuli size. In Experiment 2, there were main effects of age (Young > Older) and monitor size (Large monitor > Small monitor), but no main effect of retention time.
The small size stimuli enhanced spatial memory performance. But, the effects of small stimuli for spatial working memory were not observed among older adults. The large monitor can improve spatial memory performance and visuo-spatial cognitive processing in both age groups. This result is discussed in terms of the distinctiveness on the large display.
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Mayuko SHIOTA, Nanase HATANAKA, Takashi HORIUCHI
Session ID: P1-25
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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Sunao Iwaki, Belliveau John W.
Session ID: P1-26
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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Here, we used both the neuromagnetic (MEG) and the hemodynamic (fMRI) measurements to visualize the spatiotemporal brain dynamics during 3-D object perception from 2-D retinal motion. The coherence of the random-dot motion stimuli was parametrically controlled to create different levels of 3D perception and to study the associated changes in brain activity. Current results suggest that the perception of a 3D object from 2D movement includes integration of global motion and 3D mental image processing as well as object recognition that are accomplished by the cooperative engagement of the ventral and the dorsal visual information processing streams.
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Hemispheric asymmetry in shape-color interference tasks
Hiroshi Arao, Yukie Yoshioka
Session ID: P1-27
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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Yuta Kakimoto, Masahiro Kawasaki, Kazuyuki Aihara, Yoko Yamaguchi
Session ID: P1-28
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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Shin-ichi Asakawa
Session ID: P1-29
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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A neural network model for Stroop test is proposed. Subjects experience conflicts when they are presented colored letters, and
there are differences between color and letter presented. Although,
there are, so far, several neural network models have been proposed,
all of them did not represent this kind of conflicts. The model
proposed here is explicitly implemented Winner-Takes-all circuits for
solving these conflicts. The model was consist of four modules, those
are a word perception, a color perception, a task switch, and an
output. Each module has its own winner-takes-all circuit to select an
appropriate candidate. The word superiority effect was implemented as
the initial value in the task switch layer. The letter in the word
perception and the color in the color perception layers have also
winner-takes-all circuits. The combination of the winner-takes-all
circuit can explain the reaction time and error type.
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Satoshi AKATSUKA, Riuma TAKAHASHI, Takashi FUJISAWA, Noriko NAGATA
Session ID: P1-30
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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Brain Activity in Colored-hearing When Listening to Tonal Music
Takashi FUJISAWA, RIUMA TAKAHASHI, Mayuka NISHIMOTO, Takeshi SUGIO, No ...
Session ID: P1-31
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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Lifespan development
Terumasa KOGURE
Session ID: P1-32
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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When people are asked to estimate dates of famous public events such that mass media broadcasted as "hot news" ("How long ago did this famous news event happen?"), in general, they would estimate the date more recently than the actual one ("Telescoping bias"). In addition, older people would tend to estimate the date more remotely than young people ("Backward telescoping bias"). In the present paper, we conducted a lifespan-developmental experiment; we asked high school students, young, middle and older adults to date famous news events that happened during last 5 years. The more age, the more remotely the date was estimated ("Backward telescoping bias"). The relationship between "conceptual tempo" (i.e., cognitive reflection-impulsivity) and time estimation was found; that is, reflectors (especially 50 year-old group) tended to date more remotely. We will discuss the relationship between temporal frame of reference and lifespan-development/aging.
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Hiroyuki Suzuki, Naoko Sakuma, Yoichi Kureta, Takao Fushimi, Yoshinori ...
Session ID: P1-33
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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: A pilot study for acquiring standard data of elderly people without dementia.
Naoko Kawano, Hiroyuki Umegaki, Kunihiro Iwamoto, Yusuke Suzuki, Masaf ...
Session ID: P1-34
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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Kenji Mori, Etsuko T. Harada
Session ID: P1-35
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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Studies about learning to use cell-phones in daily lives by older adults (Mori & Harada, 2007, 2008) showed that learning to use were facilitated by people around users, especially grandchildren who live with. To investigate generalities of this result, this research executed consecutive usability testing among 2 groups of older adults (with/without their grandchildren in their homes) and a group of college students (6 participants in each group), with a program recorder for digital TV. Results showed that people around participants facilitated learning to use, as cell-phones, although both older groups used little advanced functions of device, compared with younger adults. Volumes of interactions with other persons about the device were smaller than cell-phones, which suggested more difficulties for older adults to learn equipments become larger with such a socially novel artifact. Analysis of interactions and its suggestions for supports to older adults' learning of new devices will be discussed.
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Koichi Sato, Takuya Nakazato
Session ID: P1-36
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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Yoritaka Akimoto
Session ID: P1-37
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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in a case of manzai performance
Masato OHBA, Masashi OKAMOTO, Hitoshi IIDA
Session ID: P1-38
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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Sakiko Fujii, Minae Kumeji, Toshikazu Hayano, Shinobu Ikoma
Session ID: P1-39
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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Tomonori NAKAYAMA, Muneyoshi HYODO
Session ID: P2-1
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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This study examined the influence of source monitoring instruction to following source monitoring test by using post-event information effect paradigm. First, a series of slides was presented. Second, post-event information was given with source monitoring instruction. In instruction, participants were told that there are two sources, that some items were presented only one source, and that they judge the source of those items. Finally, source monitoring test was conducted. As a result, correct response to misinformation item and new item was increased in instruction condition. New response had increased overall on this condition. Therefore, following analysis that focused on item responded to old was conducted. This analysis showed that correct response to slide item was also increased. These results suggest that when source monitoring instruction was given participants carefully judge, and they come to do more certain judgment.
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Takeo Isarida, Satomi Kajiyama, Yu Katayama, Mari Miyazaki
Session ID: P2-2
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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Seventeen undergraduates received 45 words presented in one of five type fonts at a rate of 5 s per word. They were required to respond associates of currently presented words. The first five words were presented in each of the five fonts, and were used for practice and primacy buffer items. Twenty-four h after the encoding, participants received 40 target and 40 distractor words. Half of the targets were presented in the same font as at encoding, and the others were in a different font selected from the five fonts. Participants were required to judge whether the currently presented word had been presented at encoding (yes) or not (no) by pressing yes or no keys. When they pressed the yes key, they were further required to judge whether the font of the word was the same as at encoding. Results showed clear context-dependent recognition discrimination, conflicting with the ICE theory.
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Yasuaki HAGA
Session ID: P2-3
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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Masahiro Kawakami, Hiromi Tsuji
Session ID: P2-4
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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This paper addresses differences in responses to the Navon task in reading Japanese hiragana characters. We devised the hiragana reading tasks for global and local-features drawing on Navon (1977). Differences in participants' latency for the global-response and the local-response were examined as a function of figurative and phonological features of the global-local stimuli combinations. For the global-response task, the response to the figuratively similar trials were much slower than for both the vowel and consonant match trials as well as for identical trials; however, responses to both the vowel and consonant match trials did not differ from the identical trials. On the other hand, for the local-response task, the response to the figurative similar trials, the vowel match and consonant match trials were much slower than for the identical trials. The results indicate that phonological information appeared to have an influence on the tasks that require attending to the local information, but not to the global information.
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Hiroshi Matsui, Hiroki Ora, Takashi Ideno, Fumitake Sakaori, Hidehiko ...
Session ID: P2-5
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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Indirect altruism is a key concept to improve group productivity but still a riddle. Especially human altruism exceeds the immediate bonds of kinship. In this study, we examine human decision making in situation Nowak & Sigmund(1998) hypothesized. Subjects decided cooperate/not cooperate unilaterally on virtual group setting in computer. The result showed high cooperation rate that suggest a possibility of indirect reciprocity. Moreover, subjects decision making imply a possibility of decision making strategy based on image score proposed by Nowak & Sigmund(1998), because their result varied with opponent's image score expressed opponent's behavior history.
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Eiichiro Watamura, Toshihiro Wakebe, Yohtaro Takano
Session ID: P2-6
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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Tetsuo Kawahara
Session ID: P2-7
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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If two objects are serially presented, and subjects are required to match them at basic-level, latencies for "no-match" responses are greater when the stimuli belong to common superordinate category (Superordinate Similarity Effect, SSE). For picture-word matching task, this effect was observed only at word-precede-picture condition, and not at picture-precede-word condition. In this experiment a picture (line drawing) and a word (kana) was presented, one to left and the other to right visual field simulatneously. 2 way within-subject analysis of variance showed significant main effect of both common superordinate and presentation position but no significant interaction between them. These results revealed that (1) SSE is observed at simultaneous picture-matching task, and (2) Average latency is greater when word is presented to left visual field (right hemisphere) and picture is presented to right visual field (left hemisphere). (3) There is no interaction between SSE effect and hemispheric laterality.
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Hiroyuki KANASHIKI
Session ID: P2-8
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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Ikuko Kyoya
Session ID: P2-9
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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Masakatsu Inoue
Session ID: P2-10
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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Ayako YOSHINAGA
Session ID: P2-11
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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Kyoko HINE, Rie SASAKI, Hiroshi MIURA, Yuji ITOH
Session ID: P2-12
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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Kenji IKEDA, Shinji KITAGAMI
Session ID: P2-13
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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Mariko Ito, Kazuya Inoue, Tadashi Kikuchi
Session ID: P2-14
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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MANABU KIKUCHI, Takashi Tsuzuki, HIROSHI MATSUI
Session ID: P2-15
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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Moritaka Kohroki, Ken Matsuda, Makoto Ichikawa, Takashi Kusumi
Session ID: P2-16
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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Making underlines and summary
Kunio NIKATA
Session ID: P2-17
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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Appearance of Utterance Variance and Polysemic Utterances by Illogical Inferences
Takeshi Konno, Takashi Hashimoto
Session ID: P2-18
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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Ichiro SUGISHIMA
Session ID: P2-19
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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: The effect of preview time
Marie Shoda, Jun-ichi Nagai
Session ID: P2-20
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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Yuki Yamada, Takahiro Kawabe
Session ID: P2-21
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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Yayoi Kawasaki, Yukio Itsukusima
Session ID: P2-22
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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This study was to examine two major theories of false memories; implicit activation and source monitoring approach, and fuzzy trace theory, with self-choice effect in the DRM paradigm. The self-choice effect is the superior memory performance observed when participants are allowed to choose the item at the study phase. Twenty participants studies four DRM lists in two conditions, forced condition and self-choice condition. And participants were asked to recall as many as possible. As s result, about list words and CLs associated from list words that were not chosen at study, self-choice effect was observed. And CLs associated from list words that were chosen at study, self-choice effect was observed. From the result that self-choice effect were observed about list items and CLs, implicit activation and source monitoring approach was supported.
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Akihiro Asano, Muneyoshi Hyodo
Session ID: P2-23
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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A three-year follow-up study
Naoko Sakuma, Yuko Ohgami, Yoichi Kureta, Takao Fushimi, Yoshinori Fuj ...
Session ID: P2-24
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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context and content analysis
Yuko Ohgami, Naoko Sakuma, Yoichi Kureta, Takao Fushimi, Yoshinori Fuj ...
Session ID: P2-25
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: December 18, 2009
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