Abstract
Immuno-molecular techniques specifically covers to the recent development of immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH). Particularly, in this review article, IHC emphasizes heat induced epitope retrieval (HIER) and tyramide (catalyzed) signal amplification (TSA or CSA) and ISH; focuses on peptide nucleic acid (PNA). The TSA (or LSA) is the reaction with marked amplification and has been useful in detecting trivial amounts of antigens. It is also applicable to ISH. PNA technology has been reported to be a stable detection method for RNA such as EBER. These methods have contributed to diagnostic pathology in the aspects of achievement and control of quality.
