1999 Volume 64 Issue 521 Pages 195-202
The goal of this research is to acquire concrete and useful knowledge about the construction and management of Japanese gardens overseas. This research focuses on the successful example of Japanese-style gardens in Washington Park in the city of Portland, Oregon (built by Tono Takuma in 1963) and examines the finer details concerning the completion of the garden and the process of establishing it as a locus for Japanese cultural exchange. As a result various special features were identified. These include: 1) the existence of cultural groups which worked for and supported the construction of such garden; 2) progressive leadership which helped strengthen the organization and foresaw clearly the future image of the garden; 3) development of a garden design that could be appreciated by local populace; 4) the time and patience that went into the constructing of the garden; 5) the system entrusting young Japanese directors with more influence over the construction and the training of local staff; 6) the holding of events to celebrate Japanese culture; and 7) the volunteer garden guide program.
