Based on the hypothesis that various changes occurring in pregnant women during pregnancy are contributory factors to domestic accidents, multivariate analysis was carried out to clarify the multidimensional relationship between such changes and domestic accidents. Pregnant women were classified into four categories depending on their stage of pregnancy, the extent of physical changes, and the presence or absence of physiological changes. Each category was found to have certain characteristics relating to changes in ADL and occurrence of accidents. Furthermore, types of accidents and their locations could be clarified by grouping together multiple changes in ADL.

This paper describes the relationship between the thermal environment of the encapsulated outer space provided for the detached houses and the environmental behavior of the occupants in summer in Hokkaido. In both the south-facing and north-facing outer space, the concave type suppresses the effect of solar radiation more than the convex type, keeping the room air temperature in the outer space lower. Therefore, the concave occupants frequently opened and closed the openings to adjust the thermal environment, while the convex occupants rarely operated the openings due to overheating of the exterior space.

The flood risk of cultural facilities located in the expected flood zone of Tokyo’s 23 wards was assessed from the perspective of their location distribution and spatial configuration.

The actual conditions and issues related to flooding countermeasures at each facility were clarified, and issues to be considered regarding flooding countermeasures were compiled. As a result, 161 cultural facilities, or about 30%, were found to be at risk of flooding.

While approximately 80% of the facilities were aware of the risk of flooding, it was found that only a limited number of facilities have taken hard and soft measures against flooding.

This paper is a study of the new lands-Shinkawa canal and reclaimed land, which created after 1875 in the Hyogo-no-tsu. This study conducts a quantitative analysis to elucidate the actual state of land ownership. This study categorizes various landowners and reveals that: 1) Absentee landowners are presumed to be owners which have been active in the use of the new lands. 2) Local commercial entities had a significant stake in land ownership. 3) The pattern of land ownership in new lands in the Meiji period was in a transitional stage.

The purpose of this research is to clarify measures to promote “area renovation” which revitalizes entire areas by renovating idle warehouses in order to renew declining warehouse districts of Japan. This paper examines the characteristics of warehouse renovation designs, ripple factors, and cooperation factors among business operators in five districts of the East Tokyo area where idle warehouse renovation is progressing. As a result, this paper clarified 1) the type that develops in the regional center, 2) the type that utilizes the amenity space of the region and their characteristics as promotion measures for “area renovation” targeting idle warehouses.

Sugaya mining site was introduced to the international Paris exposition in 1900 as a traditional ironmaking site by ‘Kozan Hattatsu-shi’ which was a record of all sorts of mines prepared by the national government. The objective of this article is to explore the geological and geographical aspects of the use of natural resources in Tatara ironmaking practice in comparison to the descriptions of ‘Tetsuzan Hitsuyo Kiji’, one of the few remaining technical books from Edo period. The analysis focused on the following four aspects; extraction of iron-sand, charcoal production and water system which determine the successful business operations.

The purpose of this study is to clarify the characteristics of rural migrants who intend to continue residency. As a result of analysis, 7 factors of “To be good at something”, “No worries to current life and future”, “To work on something positively or ambitiously”, “Having enough time to help each other with family and friends”, “Feeling the growth of the family”, “Regional characteristics of Furano City such as natural environment, compact city or moderate convenience in life” and “Feeling proud to live in Furano City” are identified as characteristics of rural migrants who intend to continue residency.

In this paper, a large-scale internet survey of smartphone users conducted by a mobile carrier revealed differences in the level of attachment to ‘cultural heritage’ and ‘place attachment’ in the Tokyo metropolitan area, regional areas (prefectural capital cities and towns and villages) and historic cities (central Kyoto and castle cities). It also revealed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on place attachment, interest in and attachment to cultural heritage in their residential area.

This study focused on outdoor spaces in Johnson Town. The objectives were to clarify; 1) the components, 2) how the buildings open to outdoor spaces, and 3) the actual usage. The findings were: 1) the distribution characteristics of outdoor spaces are buildings, roads, parking lots, front alleys, back alleys, pavements, deck terraces, and physical boundaries, 2) U.S. House area tends to open to the south facing the street, while Heisei-House area tends to open to the front alley, and 3) the outdoor space is managed by Isono-Shokai and its tenants. Roads are classified into four types according to traffic volume.

In Japan’s regional cities, there is a movement to increase the social population of young people through the use of space through public-private partnerships. It is important for young people to be aware of and use such initiatives. In this study, we examined the youth’s place and use of space in Nakatsugawa City, Gifu Prefecture. Through a questionnaire survey and interview survey, we analyzed the places for young people from the viewpoints of both providers and users. It was found that there is a correlation between public/private space utilization and the whereabouts of young people.

Recently, the activities of self-governing organizations have changed, and many have reduced their efforts owing to declining and aging populations. These activities are believed to be influenced by the geographical and social characteristics of the areas in which they are located. Understanding the relationship between regional characteristics and the activities of self-governing organizations will lead to proposals for appropriate support methods in the future. Therefore, we clarified the relationship between these factors for Akitakata City in Hiroshima Prefecture, located in the Chugoku Mountains. Understanding these relationships yields knowledge that supports future maintenance and support methods for self-governing organizations.

This paper surveys relationship between burglars’ risk and lifestyle of residents or design of detached houses ordered by the residents. The risk of couples living with their parents lower than that of nuclear families. The risk is high when number of family members is small and the case of double full-time workers couple. When the area of plots larger, the risk tends to higher. For families living with parent(s), houses with double kitchen are safer than that with single kitchen. For nuclear family couple, houses with single kitchen on 2nd floor have lower risk than that with 1st floor.

In Japan, there is a belief associated with the ridge ornament on the main shrine building, known as "Chigi.", which suggests that ‘Outer for male deities, inner for female deities.’ However, there's little detailed discussion in architectural history regarding this belief, often considered unsubstantiated. Yet, some instances like Sumiyoshi Shrine and Kumano Nachi Taisha suggest its relevance. This paper aims to analyze Chigi's single-sided carving and its connection to festival deities, exploring its content and evolution through Shinto and carpentry texts.

The purpose of this paper reveal differences in Sukiya thought between Murano and Yoshida through Murano’s description. The analysis consists of three chapters. Chapter2 reveal elements that Murano uses to explain the designer. Chapter 3 identify the differences between the two as designer. Chapter 4 reveal the differences in Sukiya works．

The results of this study reveal that Murano has common ground with his contemporaries and that we can find commonalities with other designers in his works. The elements are formed by his upbringing. Conversely, Yoshida created his “style” through creating that was strongly defined by his personal preference.

In this study, samples taken from the remaining parts of the city wall of the Old City of Herat were analyzed through radiocarbon dating to determine the date of construction for the first time. The results indicate that the city wall was most probably constructed between AD 441-649 (likely between AD 535-649). AD 535-649 roughly coincides with the period between the construction of the defensive wall of Gorgan and the destruction of the Sasanian dynasty by the Arab-Islamic powers. The hypothesis is that Khosrow I built the city wall as a fortified settlement at the end of the sixth century.

The National Memorial Ceremony for the War Dead is now customarily held at the Nippon Budokan on August 15 each year, but it was initially held at different venues. This study aims to clarify its selection process and transition. The findings are as follows: 1) From the 1950s to mid-1960s, factors considered important in selection changed from time to time due to the political dynamics of the various parties involved; 2) In the end, the Nippon Budokan, having no problems in terms of functionality, convenience, or legality, and no strong sense of place, was chosen as the venue.

Immediately after the schematic design in November 1948, the design effort continued through the working design concluded in June 1950 and the subsequent detailed construction instruction design, those which include dome installation over the sanctuary, the crypt design for adoration, the fenestration, and the tower design, which are impressive manifests we see in the built work. This paper depicts the architect’s creative and strategic design thinking in these phases through the analysis of formal manipulations observed from the sketches and drawings that had made until just before the dedication of the cathedral on August 6, 1954.

This paper provides the analysis of the altered qualifications of students, who participated in ten community development workshops of Sakai-city 2022 for the problem-solving type of regional planning, in terms of eight competencies. The results indicate marked improvements in the six competencies, such as the “system thinking”, “strategical”, “self-awareness”, “integrated problem-solving”, “normative”, and “coactive” elements. The effective methodology was drawn by analyzing the contents of the workshops that brought about the alteration of the six competencies. The educational effects of the methodology were also confirmed in the research conducted three months after the workshop.