RESEARCH STUDY ON SUPPORT PROGRAM IN PUBLIC HOUSING ADMINISTRATION FOR RESIDENTS' SELF-MANAGEMENT AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITY

Abstract

 Research Background and Purpose
 How to encourage the voluntary management activities of residents is an important issue in the management of public housing. Those who bear a responsibility of public housing management are, municipality as public housing operator, management subsisting agent and designated manager as who commissioned management by municipality, and residents as tenant of public house. Of these managements, although management by residents is significant in preservation of condominium discipline and in maintenance of living environment, placing the center on the field of life management, framework of self-management by residents is not indicated. Meanwhile, when seeing public house as reflection of housing policy, it commonly provides high percentage of shared space and high level of living environment compared to private rental housing. However on the other hand, this gives wide area for residents to manage as a group, and gives high burden on the management. Furthermore, in the recent situation that position of public house as housing safety net is strengthened, weakening of community and lack of leaders of management has been concern. Thus the need for measures to encourage the collective management activities of residents is rising increasingly.
 Therefore, the purpose of this research is to obtain knowledge on support method on self-management by residents, by grasping the problem recognition and implementation status of support program on it.

 Research Method
 Firstly, questionnaire survey was conducted to 358 municipalities in total, which are nationwide prefectures, designated cities, and prefectural city and municipality in the Kyushu, and earned 245 valid responses (valid recovery rate: 68.4%), in order to grasp the community problem and implementation status in public house. Secondly, additional telephone interview to 128 municipalities, which were conducting support program on self-management by residents according to the result of questionnaire survey, were done to get hold of the outline of the program. Also, by field survey on the municipalities that showed characteristic program, the system of public housing management, the background of the program and supporting method was understood. Upon analysis, municipalities that answered the questionnaire were classified into six groups in the two axes: elderly household rate and management number of public houses.

 Conclusion
 The problem in management by residents due to reduction of order as collective living and weakening of community is increasing mainly in the municipalities holding large management number. The municipalities that have achievement record of the counter measure stay in about 10% of the total, with the exception of the individual response by the installation of issuance and consultation of enlightenment document. However, it is able to see the example of program trying to achieve bottom-up management techniques of residents through the holding of public meetings and workshops in municipalities in the mid-range. Upon the support of welfare activities, the specific measures limited to public house were partial to the support for elderly and people with disabilities, and childcare support is almost not seen. Although the number of community support program put forward is still very few, there are one-stop type specific support program to public housing implemented in Nagoya city and Omuta city. In these programs, the municipalities take support by providing a forum for consultation with residents to discuss measures and issues of management. Moreover, these support is contributing not only on the life management but also on operational management and on maintenance, such as promoting the use and forming operational group of shared facilities and maintenance of green space.