STUDY OF THE LANDSCAPE COMPOSITION AND PSYCHOLOGICAL EVALUATION IN JAPANESE ZAKANSHIKI GARDEN

Abstract

 The Japanese garden is superior landscape design made intentionally and operationally in consideration of scenery of the outside space. This paper clarifies the characteristics of such outside space intentionally designed to constitute "the garden and the landscape". It is useful to clarify their characteristics for future building and the landscape design including outside space.
 The purpose of this study is to analyze the psychological evaluation of the landscape spaces and their scenery compositions for Japanese ZAKANSHIKI gardens. I analyze (the constitution of the landscape from the photographed image) and (the psychological evaluation from the experiment operated as the viewers sitting and looking at the gardens). In addition, I clarify the relations between the constitutions of the landscape and the psychological evaluations.
 First, collects gardens with the characteristic constitution reflecting various local climates and collected from add over Japan. The Japanese gardens can be categorized into ZAKANSHIKI garden and circuit-style. In this study, 30 Japanese ZAKANSHIKI gardens are examined. 14 gardens are KARESANSUI and 16 gardens are the ornamental-pond style garden. Second, I check which position each landscape element is distributed by grid analytical method to clarify constitution of the landscape (scenery composition) based on a photograph taken under set conditions at the site. Third, the SD method is used to measure the quantity of psychology for each garden. Several viewers sat in the building and looked at the garden for the experiment. Fourth, 30 gardens are made a type by scenery composition and catch the characteristic of the representative evaluation standard every type.
 Through the result of analysis, the characteristic of distribution of the component were clarified for every KARESANSUI and the ornamental-pond style garden. Furthermore, tendency of the scenery composition were clarified from the making of the landscape model. It was become a type to 8 from the placement position of the component of each garden. As a result of psychology evaluation experiment by the SD method, the psychology evaluation structure was 7 axes of “Openness”, “Impression”, ”Ups and downs”, ” Directionality”, ” Continuity”, ” Border” and ”Color” when people view at a garden from the building. Furthermore, relations of 8 types of the scenery composition and psychological evaluation were shown.