2025 Volume 90 Issue 834 Pages 1782-1792
This article examines the trends in nail imports into Japan from the end of the Edo period to the early Meiji period through “COMMERCIAL REPORTS IN JAPAN” The following points become clear.
Nails, or Western nails, have been confirmed to have been imported into Nagasaki from Britain and others as early as 1866. In 1878, the price of imported nails fell below that of nails made by nail-rod. After that, Western nails and Japanese nails were used together mainly in the second half of the 1870s, and then in the first half of Meiji 20s, they switched to Western nails.
