In this study, the daily changes in the resident's living space and their environmental adjustment behavior in summer was examined, aiming at evaluating the thermal environment in the Edo townsmen's residential area using the numerical simulation. The information of resident's living activities was extracted from the historical materials in the Edo and Meiji period, concerning the types of the residents and the daily time sections. The resident's living space and environmental adjustment behavior was identified from those extracted resident's living activities, and the characteristics of the daily changes of living space and environmental adjustment behavior were grasped.