Vibration characteristics of high-damping timber structure are discussed based on resonance curve and time-history response analysis. The steady-state response of the timber structure that has viscous damping and friction damping is derived by Caughey’s equivalent linearization technique. The resonance curve shows that adding viscous damping and friction damping works to mitigate jump phenomenon. Time-history seismic response analysis is carried out to confirm the validity of the results obtained by the resonance curve and to propose the method for estimation of damping performance to obtain desired response reduction.