Abstract
We can pick out the social factors which control the lacation of urban housing: -as "working factors", "living factors" and "educational factors". These factors can be called "dwelling factors" as a whole. In the other hand, we can point out such natural factors as the bearing power of soil; those factors can be called "constructive factors". Among the factors mentioned above, working fators which are determined by the average distance from the houses of workers to their workshops, is considered most influential. The average distance S from a certain house is given as follows: [numerical formula] where M_i is the number of living-out employees in a workshop i, and S_i is the time for attendance from the house to it. It is generally appropriate that the value of S is the smaller, the condition of working factors are the better, and the land value of that housing site is the larger. By the mathematical analysis of the value S and the infered distribution of M_i in the city, we can assume that the land value of housing site decreases almost straightly in accordance with the distance from the center of urban area. Then we obtain an approximate formula as follows: where L=L_0-αT-βF L=land value at a certain housing site, L_0=land value at the center of urban area, T=time for traffic to the center of urban area (in min.), F=time on foot to the nearest station (in min.), α & β=coefficients. Applying some examples of actual land price paid by Japan Housing Cooperation in Tokyo to the formula, we get L_0=42.4, α=0.52, β=0.62 (each unit=\1,000). Premissed that the land value on the suburbs of city is constant, the above formula shows the land value in the city increases with the development of urban area. This plain tendency has various and strong influence on the location of housing, because the workers or other people of lower classed are generally more necessary to live near the center of city contrary to their poor purchasing power.
