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Article type: Cover
1959 Volume 61 Pages
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Published: March 25, 1959
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Article type: Index
1959 Volume 61 Pages
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Article type: Index
1959 Volume 61 Pages
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Tamotsu Harada, Ryuzo Adachi
Article type: Article
1959 Volume 61 Pages
1-7
Published: March 25, 1959
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Graphical method for the heat conduction problems were already discussed by Schmidt, Osida, Emmons e.t.c.. But when the thermal diffusivity κ is a function of temperature or space, few ones were discussed. Thereupon, we discussed one method for the two-dimensional heat flow problems when κ is a function of temperature, and applied this method for a practical problems to find the temperature distribution of a reinforced concrete construction which is heated by a fire and its κ decreases by the elevation of its temperature. As an example, we showed the graphs of the temperature distribution of a member which is heated by the 3rd class fire of J.I.S.A 1302. This paper is a fundamental research to calculate the thermal stress which is caused by a fire.
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Motonobu Yoshinari
Article type: Article
1959 Volume 61 Pages
8-15
Published: March 25, 1959
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This is the study of the stability of treacherous clayey soil for the object to conduce to the consideration of the design of foundation and the fundamental principle of the soil stabilization. The mechanical properties of clayey soil were tested on the research materials of the undisturbed soil and the disturbed (remolded), and then the relative characters between both have been investigated particularly. Whereupon, in this paper, following matters are pointed out conclusivly. 1. The strength of disturbed soil must be discussed separately in the following both cases (a) & (b). (a) On the soil condition immediately after broken by sudden and dynamic load (such as driving of piles and seismic action, etc.). (b) On the soil conditions observed after slow and nondynamic phenomena of soil failures, or that passed long time after the occurrence of the case (a). Mechanical property of soils in the sase (a) can be assumed by the sensibility ratio S_t that Terzaghi or Tschebotarioff has defined. But on the condition of the case (b), following defined index [numerical formula] must be adopted, which is found out from the result of triaxial compression test by the testing method of the consolidated quick shear. [numerical formula] This revised sensibility ratio (named by author) can be expressed, by the graphic indication, from Fig. 2 (a). [numerical formula] 2. When the presure of constraint of the soil is over a limit range the revised sensibility ratio [numerical formula] become nearly constant value (more or less 1.0). (See Fig. 15) Ordinary the pressure value in this limited range is very small which seems to be between 0 and 0.5kg/cm^2 thereabout, though it is not so conclusively limited in this report yet. (Fig. 6,7,8) Assordingly, this fact means that if there is the stress of constraint over this limit value in the ground, shearing resistance of the disturbed soil does not reduce substantially when the disturbed ground has passed proper time after the disturbance. 3. When the stress of constraint is O, revised sensibility ratio [numerical formula] become equal to sensibility ratio [numerical formula] 4. We can make clear the some practical phenomena accompanied with the failure of clayey ground by this property of revised sensibility ratio. 5. One of the important theories concerned the design and construction of foundation on the treacherous cleayey ground is the forming the relative condition of ground and building so that revised sensibility ratio [numerical formula] is constant (≑1).
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Katsuro Kamimura
Article type: Article
1959 Volume 61 Pages
16-23
Published: March 25, 1959
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This is the report of the tests on reinforced concrete columns subject to eccentric load. Various eccentric load tests were made to obtain a comporison between the ultimate strength and phenomenon of failure of reinforced concrete columns containing two lightweight aggregates and same columns containing sand and gravel aggregates. About concrete, two lightweight coarse aggregates, Asama and Oshima pumice, were selected to representative tyqes in Kanto area, another coarse aggregate and all fine aggregate were river sand and gravel. The ratio of reinforcement was 1.18 and 2.52% of one side, and eccentricity of load was 0.2, 0.5 and 1.0. The columns were made with the object of the same compressive strength of concrete, but they were tested in 139〜162kg/cm^2 of cylinder tests. As a result of this tests, the ultimate strength of reinforced lightweignt concrete columns deteriorated inconsiderably when the same strength of materials and same ratio of reinforcement was used compared with the reinforced normal concrete, columns but their safety factors were kept sufficiently so far as following to ordinary design method by Young's modulus ratio larger than the case of reinforced mormal concrete.
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Yoshitsura Yokoo, Osamu Matsuoka, Tsuneyoshi Nakamura
Article type: Article
1959 Volume 61 Pages
24-29
Published: March 25, 1959
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This paper is concerned with the limit analysis of grids. Firstly, taking a simple unit grid, we give a general expression of equilibrium, in a sort of form of difference equations. Based upon the above equations, where we neglect for simplification the terms of Torques, we treat rectangular grid, circular and conical grids. The rectangular grids are supported in two ways; the one with four fixed sides and the other supported at four corner points. The circular and conical grids are supported with inner fixed edge circle and free outer circle. In cases of axially sunmetrical loading, where no torque exists, we could approch lower bounds to upper bounds with sufficient accuracy.
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Hatsuo Ishizaki
Article type: Article
1959 Volume 61 Pages
30-34
Published: March 25, 1959
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Several solutions on circular cylindrical shell roofs have been obtained up-to-date, but they are rather complicated for practical eingineers. Solutions presented here are obtained from the ordinary differential equations which are developed from the fundamental partial equation by using the finite difference method in one direction. The shell is divided into a number of strips in one direction, and in another direction, the solution of each strip is got by the Fourier sieries. The solutions, as an example shown in this paper, were obtained by dividing the shell into six strips in the circumferential direction along the longitudinal direction. Since they are expressed as the simple formulae, the displacements and stresses of the shell roof, simply supported on the boundaries under concentrated, uniform and one side loads, can be computed easily. As a numerical example, the deflections of a cylindrical shell roof, 20m long and 10m in span with 60° of the open angle, obtained by the formulae for given loads, are shown in the figure together with the values of some stresses computed from them. In some cases, errors due to the finite difference cannot be neglected, but they can be reduced by dividing the shell into smaller strips. The author believe that the method used in this paper is applicable to other problems, for instance, the bending of plates or eigen-value problems in two dimensions.
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Yoshitsura Yokoo, Kunio Yamagata
Article type: Article
1959 Volume 61 Pages
35-41
Published: March 25, 1959
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There have been some studies an the limit analysis of plane framework subjected to various loading. As yet, however, little attention has been paid to that of space frame. Particularly, since the final capacity of actual structure subjected to lateral force is decided according to the entire collapse of structure, it will be necessary to treat structure as space frame. From this viewpoint, on the present paper the authors intended to study the conditions of collapse of space frame subjected to lateral force, relations between final capacity and eccentricity of lateral force, the states of stress in yield hinge, and so on. At first, the interaction curve for bending and twisting of plastic bar of circular section was obtained by means of the application of the method which P.G. Hodge used in his paper (Jour, of App. Mech. Sept. 1957), and it was shown that the curve coincides with the approximation from above according to R. Hill and M.P.I. Siebel (Jour, of Mech. and Phys. of Solid, 1953). And the equation (M/M_0)^2+(T/T_0)^2=1 being approximate to the interaction curve was adopted as yield limit of column under combined action of bending and twisting. The analysis on the final capacity of space frame subjected to lateral force was shown under the assumption that sections of all columns are circular and the floor is aufficiently rigid, and some examples were taken. As the result, the relation between the final capacity and the eccentricity of lateral force, the ratio of T/T_0 to M/M_0 in yield hinge and phases of collapse of space frame were discussed. Particularly, the fact that T/T_0 is generally negligible in the comparison with M/M_0 for the formation of yield hinge was certified. And a practical method of calculation of the final capacity was shown by means of the neglection of torsion based on the fact mentioned above.
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Sukenobu Tani
Article type: Article
1959 Volume 61 Pages
42-50
Published: March 25, 1959
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Teis paper presents a solution for the lateral force distribution in bracings arranged continuously or dispersely in three dimensional many storied framed structures using the method of difference equations and stress-controlled calculation. The method of stress-controlled calculation is a relaxation method using that we can find easily a solution for the lateral force distribution in elastic or plastic bracings arranged continuously or dispersely in three dimensional many storied framed structures. Numerical results using the method of stress-controlled calculation show that the ratio of lateral force distribution in elastic brancings arranged continuously in the framed structures and in the open frame is smaller than the ratio of the shear rigidily of bracings and of the open frame, but the value of the same ratio in bracings arranged dispersely is roughly equal to the ratio of the shear rigidity of bracings and of the open frame. This paper also contain numerical results using the method of stress-controlled calculation for the lateral force distribution in plastic bracings arranged continuously or dispersely in framed structures.
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Fusao Hasegawa
Article type: Article
1959 Volume 61 Pages
51-59
Published: March 25, 1959
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Althought the linear conduction of heat in plain walls by using the Laplace transformation are given numerous examples in "The conduction of heat in solids" by H.S. Carslaw and J.C. Jaeger, there are no reports bearing on the general solution of unsteady conduction of heat in multilayer plain walls, so far as the writer is aware, In the present research, which deals with a general solution for unsteady conduction of hert in multi-layer plain walls under different conditions, consists of two parts, of which the present one is the first and describes a method for obtaining the boundary temperatures and heat flows in the Laplace transformation. The second report will treat the cases when the heat production or initial temperature in any layer are considered and also by the convers transformation, form these functions temperatures and heat flows would be obtained in the functions of the time (t). Defining h (s) and q (s) as the Laplace transforms of the temperature θ (t) and heat flow Q (t) respectively, we get; [numerical formula] [numerical formula] where h_1 (s) and h_2 (s) are Laplace transforms of temperatures at both layer boundaries. From these equations, θ (t) and Q (t) will be obtained by convers transformation. In multi-layer plain walls (initial temperature is O), we get the relations of the laplace transforms of three boundary temperatures by considering the balance of heat flow at each boundary. For example, at boundary (1,2), we get; [numerical formula] where _1ω_2 (s) is the Laplace transform of heat flow produced at boundary (1,2); M_1, N_1 etc. are functions which are made up of constants of the layer shown by each suphix; _0h_1 (s), _1h_2 (s) and _2h_3 (s) are Laplace transforms of temperatures at boundaries (0, 1), (1, 2) and (2, 3) respectively. As we may obtain such a relation at each boundary, the Laplace transforms of unknown boundary temperatures would be obtained by solving simultaneous equations. For example, if we know _0h_1 (s) and _nh_i (s) which are the Laplace transforms of temperature at the boundaries (o,1) and (n,i) in the plain wall composed of n layers, the Laplane transform of temperature at boundary (ν-1, ν) would be [numerical formula] where _1A_n' (s) etc. are functions relating to the constants of the layers and composition of the multilayer wall, and are obtained by the next two recurence formulae, [numerical formula] where we define [numerical formula] Temperature and heat flow in any layer are obtained by solving (1) and (2) simultaneously, In the cases when fluid layers ar/and a semi-infinite layer are contained in the wall, and when heat flow at a boundary is shut out, we get similar results by employing _1A'_n (s) functions which are extentions of their definitions.
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Kiyoteru Ishii
Article type: Article
1959 Volume 61 Pages
60-65
Published: March 25, 1959
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The distribution of echo from wall on which many kinds of diffusers were fitted were measured by scale models to find out the suitable shape of diffusers. The scale of the wall model is 1/10 and its size is 180cm in width and 30cm in height. The shape of wall models are flat and curved surface of 5m in radius. The shape of diffuser which are fitted on these walls are polytriangular and polycylindrical, and their width and depth is 18cm and 2.7cm. The sound used in these experiments is 1/3 octave band noise and their mean frequency is 2.5kc, 5kc, 10kc and 20kc. The cone type tweeter is used as the sound source forthe lower frequency and the condenser speaker for the higher frequency. The microphone is condenser type for all frequency range. At the first stage of these experiments, the distribution of echo from flat wall on which there no diffuser was measured. This case is very simple, so the theoretical calculation of the echo distribution is easy. From the comparison of the results of experiment and calculation, it was found that the accuracy of this experiment is ±1.5dB. At the second stage of these experiments, the distribution of echo of more complex cases were measured. In these cases theoretical calculation is difficult. The results of these experiments are as follows. 1. Tne pifference of echo intensity level between front and side area of the wall is much more when the diffuser is triangular than it is polycylindrical. 2. When the triangular diffuser is fitted, loud echo is observed at the side area of the wall at the higher frequency (10kc and 20kc). 3. The echo distribution is more uniform when the polycylindrical diffuser is used. 4. The reason of these phenomena is that the plane surface of every triangular diffuser reflects sound regularly at the higher frequency, so the neflacted sound separate into two groups which travel towards left and right, so reflected sound towards the front of the wall is weak, but the polycylindrical diffuser reflects sound towards wide direction.
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Heizoh Saito, Toshio Hayashi
Article type: Article
1959 Volume 61 Pages
66-72
Published: March 25, 1959
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This is the result of measuring the Aqeous Vapor Pressure of saturated Salt Solution by using the aparatus to measure the vapor pressure of solution, which is concidered by Prof., K. SHIBA, as shown in Fig. 1 and 2. In these several years we had studied about the vapor transfer through some building materials. This paper is one of the important specimen to measure exactly the aqeous vapor permeabilities in laboratory. The results are shown in Table 4, comparing the results by other authorities.
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Sadaaki Ogiso, Masao Inui
Article type: Article
1959 Volume 61 Pages
73-80
Published: March 25, 1959
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The superiority of the color of a movie theater lobby depends on its whole tone of color, especially on the warmth given by the tone. We, through the cautious methodological research, found that the psychometric method is effective in order to treat this problem, and made the following experiment. First, in advance of the experiment, we measured and recorded the colors of the movie theater lobbies in Tokyo, and at the same time we took color photographs of these lobbies. Second, we picked up thrty those photographs as examples. Then, according to the method of paired comparison as a psychometric method, we showed them to four observers (who have excellent aesthetic sense) in order to get their answers about the superiority, warmth, and intensity of stimuli of the colors. We aranged these data statistically, and gave the examination marks to every lobby. Further, we examined the relation between the superiority and the warmth of every lobby and anallised some factors which are thought to be related to the warmth of the lobby, the balance point, illuminant color, illumination, etc. And then we examined the relation and the factors from various viewpoints, using many data connected with this problem. As the result of the avove mentioned research, we got the following conclusion. Most of the successful examples were found among the comparatively warm ones (whose balance point is in most cases in the warm colors more than chroma 4) and the comparatively cool ones (whose balance point is in the achromatic colors less than chroma 1). The main contents of this paper is the full account of the methodological research of the above mentioned experiment.
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Masao Taguchi
Article type: Article
1959 Volume 61 Pages
81-84
Published: March 25, 1959
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This is a report of seveval problem in the surgical ward planing. We investigated the distribution of the illness-types and it's cave types in the surgical wands of the several general Hospitals. At the in-patient surgical wards planing, the distribution and the average stays of main illness are a important problems at a decision of sickroom alloting. The point of surgical in-patients are ab-dominal surgery and anal diseases, and so enima room, sitz-bath, oxggen and vacuum pipings are the most necessary equipments. etc….
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Masami Kuroda, Masaaki Fukuhara
Article type: Article
1959 Volume 61 Pages
85-93
Published: March 25, 1959
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It should be investigated whether the degree of constancy is variable in accordance with the magnitude of object even when the relative position between the object and the observation point remains the same. The objects are seven square walls, 2.5m×2.5m, 1.667m×1.667m, 1.111m×1.111m, 0.741m×0.741m, 0.494m×0.494m, 0.329m×0.329m, 0.219m×0.219m. The selection method was employed. The subjects are fixed, and the objects are moved. Main conclusions-1. The smaller the magnitude of object is, the higher the degree of constancy. We named it "Magnitude Effect". 2. The larger the observation distance is, the more conspicuous "magnitude effect". 3. In peculiar points, over constancy of shape appears. 4. Regardless of the magnitude object, the larger the distance is and the smaller the deviation angle is, the lower the degree of constancy. 5. Regardless of the magnitude of object, the degree of constancy becomes lower in the order of convergence, shape, and size.
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Kichiemon Kawana, Harushige Kubo, Hideo Koma
Article type: Article
1959 Volume 61 Pages
94-99
Published: March 25, 1959
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The authors studied parking areas in the C.B.D. of Osaka City. Judging from their distribution in the C.B.D., they are standing such sites where garages within the greater buildings are very few, and many of them are only used as garages. Parking areas are clasified into several types by their charactor, but there are little relation of the charactor between parking areas and curb parking. Increasing trend of parking area is therefore quite another affair from the overflowing curb park.
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Rikuji Suga
Article type: Article
1959 Volume 61 Pages
100-106
Published: March 25, 1959
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We can pick out the social factors which control the lacation of urban housing: -as "working factors", "living factors" and "educational factors". These factors can be called "dwelling factors" as a whole. In the other hand, we can point out such natural factors as the bearing power of soil; those factors can be called "constructive factors". Among the factors mentioned above, working fators which are determined by the average distance from the houses of workers to their workshops, is considered most influential. The average distance S from a certain house is given as follows: [numerical formula] where M_i is the number of living-out employees in a workshop i, and S_i is the time for attendance from the house to it. It is generally appropriate that the value of S is the smaller, the condition of working factors are the better, and the land value of that housing site is the larger. By the mathematical analysis of the value S and the infered distribution of M_i in the city, we can assume that the land value of housing site decreases almost straightly in accordance with the distance from the center of urban area. Then we obtain an approximate formula as follows: where L=L_0-αT-βF L=land value at a certain housing site, L_0=land value at the center of urban area, T=time for traffic to the center of urban area (in min.), F=time on foot to the nearest station (in min.), α & β=coefficients. Applying some examples of actual land price paid by Japan Housing Cooperation in Tokyo to the formula, we get L_0=42.4, α=0.52, β=0.62 (each unit=\1,000). Premissed that the land value on the suburbs of city is constant, the above formula shows the land value in the city increases with the development of urban area. This plain tendency has various and strong influence on the location of housing, because the workers or other people of lower classed are generally more necessary to live near the center of city contrary to their poor purchasing power.
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Shizuo Yokoi
Article type: Article
1959 Volume 61 Pages
107-111
Published: March 25, 1959
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Concrete buildings having large window area have been recently increasing in numbers. Once fire breaks out in one room of such buildings, glass of windows of the room will certainly broken by fire and hot gas may eject from the windows and then glass of upstairs windows heated by rising hot gas may also be broken and consequently fire will spread to the upstairs. To prevent such fire spread to the upstairs, the height of the spandrel between the above and the below windows must be large enough to cool let low the temperature of rising hot gas to a difinite limit, lest the upstairs windows should be broken. The necssary height of the spandrel of a building depends upon various conditions of the building. In this report the method of calculating the necessary height is discussed based chiefly upon the author's theorems which have already been reported.
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Juro Kikuchi
Article type: Article
1959 Volume 61 Pages
112-119
Published: March 25, 1959
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The Western architecture was first introduced into Japan immediately before the Meiji era in various processes. It can be said that one of these processes was the publication of books on Western architecture. In 1882 (15th of Meiji) the "Kenchikugaku" (Architecture) was published by the Education Ministry, as one of the volumes of the "Hyakkazensho". This was the first book on Western architecture entitled the "Kenchikugaku". This significant work, however, has not been made clear about the process of its appearance. Therefore, I first of all tried to make clear the presence of the "Hyakkazensho" and could find the following facts: a. The "Hyakkazensho", whose publication was planned in 1871 (4th of Meiji) at the Editorial Board of the Education Ministry by Rinsho Mizukuri, the chief of this board, was a series of books on the Western knowledges translated into Japanese by many scholars from the William & Robert Chambers's "Information for the People" the 1858 fourth edition. This series, boming out in order of the accomplishment of the translation, was classified by the subject. It took about ten years from 1873 to 1883 (6th to 16th of Meiji) to complete the work. Its first volume "Kyodosetsu" (Education), which was translated by R. Mizukuri himself, was published in September 1873. The "Architecture" was published a little before the completion of the whole work. b. Rinsho Mizukuri (1846〜1897) has been known as a scholar of French law in the Meiji era. But he held the highest position of the professorship of the national university in the early days of Meiji, mastered Dutch, English and French, and traveled Europe. He also was a co-editor of the "Eiwataiyaku-jiseo" (English Japanese Dictionary), the first one in Japan, in which the English "architecture" was translated into "kenchikugaku". He planned to introduce Western knowledge to Japan in direct form of translation of English books. c. There were many kinds of edition in this series and these was widely disseminated. In 1877 (10th year of Meiji) this began to be compiled in 20 volumes by the Education Ministry. After this edition, it was published in the same form by a publisher Yurindo. In 1883 Maruzen Co. published the work, too, translating directly from the 5th edition of the original English work. In it "Architecture" was translated into the Japanese "Zoka-ho" by Naokichi Tsuzuki under the editor Keisuke Otori. Through these researches on the "Hyakkazensho", it can be said that the Japanese equivalent "Kenchikugaku" was used from the beginning of this work (1871), not from 1882. But concerning this fact and others I will report in the next paper.
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Yoshifumi Nomura
Article type: Article
1959 Volume 61 Pages
120-126
Published: March 25, 1959
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The Room Nakae of the farm-house of Kagoshima Prefecture is used for multi-purposes. It is used for cooking, dinning, receiving intimate visitors, sleeping and so forth. The word "Nakae" is not a special word used only in Kagoshima, but it is used in broad areas in Japan. But it is remarkably used in West Japan. The word "Nakae" has philologically originated from the "Nakai", meaning a central living room. And it has the same philological origin of the words "Nakama" or "Nakaza" of Louchou. But the "Nakae" of Kagoshima farm-houses has a special character. For Kagoshima farm-house itself is a special type among the Japanese farm houses. The Kagoshima farm houses are consisted from two separate houses, "Nakae" and "Omote". Their prote-type is Louchou farm houses. In this transation, it is treated that, How the several types of, "Nakaes" of Kaghshima farm-houses are deduced? And that, Concerning to this problem, how the "Nakabashira" and "Daikokubashira" are brought forth.
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Mitsuo Inoue
Article type: Article
1959 Volume 61 Pages
127-133
Published: March 25, 1959
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In historical ages of Japan, there were many tombs and mausoleums which were called "Tamaya", "Bodo", "Mieido", "Hokkedo" etc. These were mostly wooden buildings and contained corpses, ashes, portraits or pagoda-shaped monuments of the dead. There are some existing examples of them today and many of them have square plans and pavilion-roofs. Among 65 pavilion-roofed buildings which were designated as the cultural properties of Japan, 21 are tombs and mausoleums. Existing imperial mausoleums in wood have mostly pavilion-roofs too. Many tombs and mausoleums described in historical documents or picture-scrolls have pavilion-roofs also, for example: the mausoleum of Saicho on Mt. Hiei, the mausoleum and the portrait shrine or Kukai on Mt. Koya. And some of these descriptions teach us that such a building was worshipped by the people at the forecourt or at the front verandah of it. "Hokkedo" or "Sammaido", on the other hand, was originally a kind of ritual hall for Samadhi-priests, being attached to a Buddhist temple or a graveyard. But it became gradually a building for containig the corpse, ashes or the portrait of the dead. Documents offer us many examples of such buildings in 11th-13th centuries, including imperial mausoleums, and tell us that they had pavilion-roofs and worshipped from outside. The leading formal characteristic of pavilion-roof is "symmetry" both in plan and in elevation. And its symmetry is stronger than that of any other type of Japanese roof, i.e. hip-roof, Irimoya-roofs (upper part gable-, lower part hip-roof) or gable-roof. A symmetrical structure, generally speaking, asserts existence of itself and maintains its own space isolating from the outer world. The reason why Japanese tombs and mausoleums had pavilion-roofs should, therefore, come from its strong symmetry, as the case of pagodas or octagons in Japan and pyramids, stupas or other central-form buildings in Western countries which were erected for the same purpose. By the way, there were some varieties of pavilion-roofed tombs in recent centuries, e.g. that with a "Kohai" (entrance porch), with a "Karahafu" (decorative curvilinear gable) or with a longitudinal Irimoya-roof. But these varieties were only specific representation of general formative tendency in architecture of the period.
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Akira Naitou
Article type: Article
1959 Volume 61 Pages
134-142
Published: March 25, 1959
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The castle of Edo was the most important architecture in the milital class. The Great Hall (designed by Wakasa Koura, 1860) was magnificently and luxuriously. So I recognigs it the typical type in the Edo perion, and cleare the modular co-ordination of this structure. In order to dispose a building in a spacious site, Wakasa Koura had to estimate a rough measure of the building at the centre-to-centre by 6.5 feet (called 1 ken). As to the planning of the interior of the building, however, he did best in making use of the strength of the surface-to-surface dimentional co-ordination. This co-ordination was developed exactly to 0.0001 feet by the solid geometry. (This structural technique was colled kikujitsu.) Carpenters, of course, was not in need of making so exactly. But It must be pointed out that this design constitutes the highest technique at the traditional Japanese architecture.
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Kiyoshi Hirai
Article type: Article
1959 Volume 61 Pages
143-150
Published: March 25, 1959
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Today, there is an area for the ex-emperor's palace at the south-east side of the Kyoto Imperial Palace. The ex-emperor had been accustomed to live in this site untill 1868 A.D., when the capital was trancefered to Tokyo from Kyoto. In 1603 A.D., TOKUGAWA-Ieyasu was appointed to the Shogun and first he built the ex-emperor's palace for the Emperor "Goyozei". Since this time, the Tokugawa Shogunate built some palaces for each ex-emperor. These were built beside the north or south of the Imperial Palace too and at the most prosperous period, there were 4 dalaces for 3 ex-emperors and one ex-empress around the Kyoto Imperial Palace in the same time. In the Edo era more than 20 palaces were built. These palaces, in this era, were built by the same style with traditional residences of cort nobles, but the palace, built in 1790 A.D., was designed in the referenced style to the palace in the Heian era (9.c.-12.c.), when the Kyoto Imperial Palace was built for the first time. This paper presents the outline of the history of the ex-emperors' palaces, built by the Tokugawa Shogunate from the beginning of the 17.c. to the half of the 19.c.
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William T. Thomson
Article type: Article
1959 Volume 61 Pages
151-156
Published: March 25, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: August 30, 2017
JOURNAL
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Article type: Bibliography
1959 Volume 61 Pages
157-158
Published: March 25, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: August 30, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Bibliography
1959 Volume 61 Pages
159-167
Published: March 25, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: August 30, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Appendix
1959 Volume 61 Pages
168-
Published: March 25, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: August 30, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
