ヨルダン現代史に関する覚書：スレイマーン・アン・ナーブルシー内閣の試み

抄録

This article will examine the Sulayman al-Nabulusi government (29/10/1956-10/4/1957) as an achievement of the national liberation movement of the Jordanian and Palestinian peoples in Jordan. The national movement in Jordan (al-haraka al-wataniya fi al-urdunn) led by the National Socialist Party (NSP, al-hizb al-watani al-ishtiraki) whose secretary-general was Sulayman al-Nabulusi, had been struggling against the military presence of Great Britain in Jordan. We will analyze the developments of the national movement in Jordan as the response to the drastic changes caused by the inflow of many Palestinian refugees to the East Bank of Jordan and the incorporation of the central Palestine (the West Bank of Jordan) into the Kingdom after the 1948 war. It is noted that NSP, composed of Jordanians and Palestinians, cooperated with the National Front and the Ba'th party in the parliamental strategy and then formed the coalition government with them, although diverse from one another in the political goals. Some observers wrongly criticize that the al-Nabulusi government was communist-oriented and tried to plot against the monarch. But the fact was that they internally tried the experiment of more political freedom in the public life while they externally pursued the political and military alliance with the 'liberated countries' such as Egypt and Syria and the Eastern Bloc. Other observers emphasize that the weak nature of NSP as the national bourgeois party had led to the failure of the experiment. But we must remember that the international circumstances did not allow them to complete this experiment. Because King Husayn had decided to choose U.S.A. as patron instead of Great Britain through accepting the Eisenhaur Doctorine. King Husayn used the rhetoric of "the threat of Communism" in his biography in the same context as the U.S. government, in order to charge the al-Nabulusi government for permitting communist activities in Jordan and to justify himself to accept American aids against the waves of the demonstrations which supported the nationalist government In conclusion, the experiment of the al-Nabulusi government fell victim to the American interests in the Middle East because Jordan was and continues to be strategically important, however poor and small, as a buffer-state in the region.