抄録
 There was no provision of public library in the “Gakusei of 1872,”  the first systematical education law in Japan. In Japan, it appeared for the first time in the Education Act of 1879. 
 This paper is an attempt at clarifying the complicated process of establishment of the provision of library in the Education Act. 
 This study aims at defining Fujimaro Tanaka’s role in establishment of the provision of library in the Education Act. Tanaka contributed to establishment of the modern educational system in Japan, as the central figure of the educational administration. He was acquainted with educational conditions in America and Europe, and he had a deep understanding of public library in modern society.